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50933

Sigma-Aldrich

Guanidine hydrochloride

BioUltra, for molecular biology, ≥99.5% (AT)

Synonym(s):

Aminoformamidine hydrochloride, Aminomethanamidine hydrochloride, Guanidinium chloride

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About This Item

Linear Formula:
NH2C(=NH)NH2 · HCl
CAS Number:
50-01-1
Molecular Weight:
95.53
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
3591990
EC Number:
200-002-3
MDL number:
MFCD00013026
UNSPSC Code:
12352107
PubChem Substance ID:
57651284
NACRES:
NA.28

biological source

synthetic

Quality Level

200

grade

for molecular biology

product line

BioUltra

assay

≥99.5% (AT)

form

powder or crystals

technique(s)

RNA extraction: suitable

impurities

DNases, none detected
 RNases, none detected
 insoluble matter, passes filter test
 phosphatases, none detected
 proteases, none detected

ign. residue

≤0.05% (as SO4)

loss

≤0.05% loss on drying, 20 °C (HV)

color

colorless to white,

pH

4.5-6.0 (25 °C, 6 M in H2O)

mp

180-185 °C (lit.)

solubility

H2O: 6 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless

density

1.3 g/cm3 (lit.)

anion traces

sulfate (SO42-): ≤50 mg/kg

cation traces

Al: ≤5 mg/kg
As: ≤0.1 mg/kg
Ba: ≤5 mg/kg
Bi: ≤5 mg/kg
Ca: ≤10 mg/kg
Cd: ≤5 mg/kg
Co: ≤5 mg/kg
Cr: ≤5 mg/kg
Cu: ≤5 mg/kg
Fe: ≤5 mg/kg
K: ≤50 mg/kg
Li: ≤5 mg/kg
Mg: ≤5 mg/kg
Mn: ≤5 mg/kg
Mo: ≤5 mg/kg
Na: ≤150 mg/kg
Ni: ≤5 mg/kg
Pb: ≤5 mg/kg
Sr: ≤5 mg/kg
Zn: ≤5 mg/kg

SMILES string

Cl[H].NC(N)=N

λ

6 M in H2O

UV absorption

λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.03
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.02

storage temp.

room temp

InChI

1S/CH5N3.ClH/c2-1(3)4;/h(H5,2,3,4);1H

InChI key

PJJJBBJSCAKJQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Gene Information

human ... KCNA1(3736) , KCNA10(3744) , KCNA2(3737) , KCNA3(3738) , KCNA4(3739) , KCNA5(3741) , KCNA6(3742) , KCNA7(3743) , KCNB1(3745) , KCNB2(9312) , KCNC1(3746) , KCNC2(3747) , KCNC3(3748) , KCNC4(3749) , KCND1(3750) , KCND2(3751) , KCND3(3752) , KCNF1(3754) , KCNG1(3755) , KCNG2(26251) , KCNG3(170850) , KCNG4(93107) , KCNH1(3756) , KCNH2(3757) , KCNH3(23416) , KCNH4(23415) , KCNH5(27133) , KCNH6(81033) , KCNH7(90134) , KCNH8(131096) , KCNQ1(3784) , KCNQ2(3785) , KCNQ3(3786) , KCNQ4(9132) , KCNQ5(56479) , KCNS1(3787) , KCNS2(3788) , KCNS3(3790) , KCNV1(27012) , KCNV2(169522)

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General description

Guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) is a well-known protein and enzyme denaturant. It is a small molecule and hydroscopic in nature.

Application

Guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) has been used as a component of the phosphate buffer saline (PBS) for the incubation of Schlemm′s canal (SC) cells. It has also been used as a component of the digestion buffer for the gelation and expansion of human HeLa229 cells. GdnHCl is also used to isolate RNA.
Strong chaotropic agent useful for the denaturation and subsequent refolding of proteins. This strong denaturant can solubilize insoluble or denatured proteins such as inclusion bodies. This can be used as the first step in refolding proteins or enzymes into their active form. Urea and dithiothreitol (DTT) may also be necessary.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) is involved in conformational changes and loss of enzyme activity due to inactivation of the enzyme. It is involved in the loss of activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) enzyme in Haliotis diversicolor. GdnHCl functions by hampering the activity of heat shock protein 104 (Hsp104) adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) in vivo. It can also inactivate enzymes like papain and aminocyclase. Higher concentrations of GdnHCl leads to viral inactivation of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1).

pictograms

Exclamation mark
GHS07

signalword

Warning

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Inhalation - Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Irrit. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2

Storage Class

11 - Combustible Solids

wgk_germany

WGK 1

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

ppe

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves

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Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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Isolation of RNA using guanidinium salts.
R J MacDonald et al.
Methods in enzymology, 152, 219-227 (1987-01-01)
Courtney R Johnson et al.
eLife, 9 (2020-01-29)
Septin proteins evolved from ancestral GTPases and co-assemble into hetero-oligomers and cytoskeletal filaments. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, five septins comprise two species of hetero-octamers, Cdc11/Shs1-Cdc12-Cdc3-Cdc10-Cdc10-Cdc3-Cdc12-Cdc11/Shs1. Slow GTPase activity by Cdc12 directs the choice of incorporation of Cdc11 vs Shs1, but many
Nora Trinks et al.
Communications biology, 4(1), 1151-1151 (2021-10-06)
Expansion microscopy (ExM) enables super-resolution fluorescence imaging on standard microscopes by physical expansion of the sample. However, the investigation of interactions between different organisms such as mammalian and fungal cells by ExM remains challenging because different cell types require different
Armando M De Palma et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 53(5), 1850-1857 (2009-02-25)
A novel compound, TTP-8307, was identified as a potent inhibitor of the replication of several rhino- and enteroviruses. TTP-8307 inhibits viral RNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner, without affecting polyprotein synthesis and/or processing. Drug-resistant variants of coxsackievirus B3 were all
Caitriona McKeever et al.
Journal of medicinal chemistry, 56(3), 700-711 (2013-01-11)
Considering the strong DNA minor groove binding observed for our previous series of diaromatic symmetric and asymmetric guanidinium and 2-aminoimidazolinium derivatives, we report now the synthesis of new aminoalkyl derivatives of diaromatic guanidines with potential as DNA minor groove binders
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