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L2143

Sigma-Aldrich

Lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli K-235

purified by phenol extraction

Synonym(s):

LPS

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About This Item

EC Number:
MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
12352201
NACRES:
NA.25

biological source

Escherichia coli (K-235)

Quality Level

form

lyophilized powder

purified by

phenol extraction

impurities

<3% Protein (Lowry)

color

white to faint yellow

solubility

water: soluble

shipped in

ambient

storage temp.

2-8°C

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General description

This product is phenol extracted from E. coli serotype K235. The source strain is ATCC 13027.

Application


  • Establishment of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) model by a single iv administration of Escherichia coli-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to cynomolgus monkeys and evaluation of its pathophysiological status.: This study established a DIC model in cynomolgus monkeys using E. coli-derived LPS, providing insights into the pathophysiological status and potential therapeutic interventions for DIC (Minomo et al., 2017).

  • Different bacterial lipopolysaccharides as toxicants and stressors in the shrimp Palaemon elegans.: This research explored the toxic effects of various bacterial LPS, including E. coli K-235, on the shrimp Palaemon elegans, advancing the understanding of LPS-induced stress responses in marine organisms (Lorenzon et al., 2002).

Biochem/physiol Actions

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are localized in the outer layer of the membrane and are, in noncapsulated strains, exposed on the cell surface. They contribute to the integrity of the outer membrane, and protect the cell against the action of bile salts and lipophilic antibiotics.

Preparation Note

The product is soluble in water (5 mg/ml) or cell culture medium (1 mg/ml) yielding a hazy, faint yellow solution. A more concentrated, though still hazy, solution (20 mg/ml) has been achieved in aqueous saline after vortexing and warming to 70-80 oC. Lipopolysaccharides are molecules that form micelles in every solvent. Hazy solutions are observed in water and phosphate buffered saline. Organic solvents do not give clearer solutions. Methanol yields a turbid suspension with floaters, while water yields a homogeneously hazy solution.

Other Notes

To gain a comprehensive understanding of our extensive range of Lipopolysaccharides for your research, we encourage you to visit our Carbohydrates Category page.

pictograms

Skull and crossbones

signalword

Danger

hcodes

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 2 Oral

Storage Class

6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 / very toxic hazardous materials

wgk_germany

WGK 3

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

ppe

Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)


Certificates of Analysis (COA)

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Jessica F Hoffman et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 36(39), 10039-10049 (2016-09-30)
Identifying and understanding critical periods in brain development is essential to decoding the long-term impact of widespread, poorly defined, and frequently occurring insults such as inflammation. Using the laboratory rat Rattus norvegicus, we have discovered a narrowly constrained critical period
Jay W Chaplin et al.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 187(8), 4199-4209 (2011-09-16)
CD180 is homologous to TLR4 and regulates TLR4 signaling, yet its function is unclear. We report that injection of anti-CD180 mAb into mice induced rapid Ig production of all classes and subclasses, with the exception of IgA and IgG2b, with
Jay W Chaplin et al.
The Journal of experimental medicine, 210(10), 2135-2146 (2013-09-11)
Antigen (Ag) targeting is an efficient way to induce immune responses. Ag is usually coupled to an antibody (Ab) specific for a receptor expressed on dendritic cells (DCs), and then the Ag-anti-receptor is inoculated with an adjuvant. Here we report
Agnieszka Zdybicka-Barabas et al.
Amino acids, 51(2), 175-191 (2018-09-01)
Cecropins constitute an important family of insect antimicrobial peptides involved in humoral innate immune response. In comparison with the highly basic cecropins A and B, cecropins D are less cationic and more hydrophobic. Interestingly, cecropins D were described only in
Franziska Noe et al.
Chemical senses, 42(3), 195-210 (2016-12-06)
The detection of key food odorants appears to be an important capability of odorant receptors. Here, thiols occupy an outstanding position among the 230 known key food odorants because of their very low odor thresholds. Members of the homologous series

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