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G8397

Sigma-Aldrich

Monosialoganglioside GM2 from bovine brain

≥95% (TLC), lyophilized powder

Synonym(s):

Ganglioside GM2, monosialo

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About This Item

CAS Number:
19600-01-2
MDL number:
MFCD00131137
UNSPSC Code:
12352200
NACRES:
NA.77

product name

Monosialoganglioside GM2 from bovine brain, ≥95% (TLC)

Quality Level

200

assay

≥95% (TLC)

storage temp.

−20°C

InChI

1S/C68H123N3O26/c1-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-19-20-22-24-26-28-30-32-34-51(81)71-44(45(78)33-31-29-27-25-23-21-18-16-14-12-10-8-6-2)40-90-65-58(86)57(85)60(49(38-74)93-65)95-66-59(87)63(61(50(39-75)94-66)96-64-53(70-43(4)77)56(84)55(83)48(37-73)92-64)91-41-68(67(88)89)35-46(79)52(69-42(3)76)62(97-68)54(82)47(80)36-72/h31,33,44-50,52-66,72-75,78-80,82-87H,5-30,32,34-41H2,1-4H3,(H,69,76)(H,70,77)(H,71,81)(H,88,89)/b33-31+/t44-,45+,46-,47+,48+,49+,50+,52+,53+,54+,55-,56+,57+,58+,59+,60+,61-,62+,63+,64-,65-,66-,68-/m1/s1

InChI key

USMMPBVNWHAJBE-YMEOXFOQSA-N

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Amino Acid Sequence

Cer-Glc-Gal(NeuAc)-GalNAc

General description

Ganglioside GM2 (GM2), a monosialic ganglioside, belongs to the group of glycosphingolipids that are mostly localized to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. Gangliosides are amphipathic molecules containing a head group (modified by carbohydrates) with a negative charge. The carbohydrate groups vary from species to species. GM2 is predominantly expressed in the neural tissues.
Gangliosides are major constituents of neuronal cell membranes and endoplasmic reticulum. They contain a sialated polysaccharide chain linked to ceramide through a β-glycosidic linkage. For classification of gangliosides see Svennerholm, L., et al. (eds.), Structure and Function of Gangliosides, New York, Plenum, 1980.

Application

Monosialoganglioside GM2 from bovine brain has been used:
  • to study the effects of GM2 supplementation and depletion of all cellular ganglioside subspecies on neurite outgrowth and neuronal survival using canine dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons
  • as a reference standard for high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and as antigens for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to analyze the ganglioside signatures of human prostate cancer (CaP) cells
  • as a component of the reaction buffer to perform in vitro activity assay of GM1 synthase

Biochem/physiol Actions

Ganglioside GM2 (GM2) is one of the critical components of the cell membrane and is essential for cell signaling and metabolism. Various studies show the involvement of gangliosides in cancer, serotype 1 reovirus infection, and insulin secretion and regulation. GM2 exhibits a protective role by associating with the adhesion, motility, and proliferation in tumor cells. Decreased expression of GM2 indicates extensive cancer malignancy. GM2 serves as a receptor for reovirus strain type 1 Lang (T1L). Abnormal regulation of GM2 has been observed in several diseases associated with the nervous system.

Storage Class

11 - Combustible Solids

wgk_germany

WGK 3

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

ppe

Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

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K Nohara et al.
Breast cancer research and treatment, 48(2), 149-157 (1998-05-22)
Much evidence has shown that glycosphingolipids are involved in cellular recognition, regulation of cell growth, and metastasis. In the present study, the major glycosphingolipids of two widely studied human breast cancer cell lines were examined. The MCF-7 cell line has
H C Yohe et al.
Glycobiology, 7(8), 1215-1227 (1998-02-10)
Sialoglycosphingolipids (gangliosides) have been increasingly implicated as regulators of membrane signaling events. Macrophage ganglioside patterns dramatically increase in complexity when murine peritoneal macrophages are stimulated in vivo with the appearance of the sialidase-sensitive monosialoganglioside GM1b (cisGM1) as a major component.
G Dawson et al.
Neurochemical research, 37(6), 1372-1380 (2012-04-10)
Allogenic stem cell transplantation can reduce lysosomal storage of heparan sulfate-derived oligosaccharides by up to 27 % in Sanfilippo MPS3a brain, but does not reduce the abnormal storage of sialolactosylceramide (G(M3)) or improve neurological symptoms, suggesting that ganglioside storage is
Oscar Passos et al.
The journal of physical chemistry. B, 115(49), 14751-14759 (2011-11-01)
This work is based on the glycosidase β-hexosaminidase, in particular, on β-HexA (HexA), involved in the emergence of the Sandoff disease. Its function is to cleave the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) or N-acetylglucosamine moieties from its substrates. Here we reveal and consolidate
Tadaaki Yamada et al.
Cancer science, 102(12), 2157-2163 (2011-09-08)
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) grows rapidly and metastasizes to multiple organs. We examined the antimetastatic effects of the humanized anti-ganglioside GM2 (GM2) antibodies, BIW-8962 and KM8927, compared with the chimeric antibody KM966, in a SCID mouse model of multiple organ
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