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Merck
모든 사진(3)

Key Documents

L4130

Sigma-Aldrich

Lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli O111:B4

purified by trichloroacetic acid extraction

동의어(들):

LPS

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About This Item

EC Number:
MDL number:
UNSPSC 코드:
12352201
NACRES:
NA.25

생물학적 소스

Escherichia coli (O111:B4)

Quality Level

형태

lyophilized powder

정제법

trichloroacetic acid extraction

불순물

1-10% Protein (Lowry)

색상

white to light yellow

solubility

water: soluble

배송 상태

ambient

저장 온도

2-8°C

유사한 제품을 찾으십니까? 방문 제품 비교 안내

일반 설명

This product is TCA extracted from E. coli serotype O111:B4. The source strain is from a private collection. This LPS serotype has been used to stimulate B-cells and induce NOS in human hepatocytes.

애플리케이션

Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are characteristic components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS and its lipid A moiety stimulate cells of the innate immune system by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor protein family, which recognizes common pathogen-associated molecular-patterns (PAMPs).

생화학적/생리학적 작용

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are localized in the outer layer of the membrane and are, in noncapsulated strains, exposed on the cell surface. They contribute to the integrity of the outer membrane, and protect the cell against the action of bile salts and lipophilic antibiotics.

제조 메모

The product is soluble in water (5 mg/ml) or cell culture medium (1 mg/ml) yielding a hazy, faint yellow solution. A more concentrated, though still hazy, solution (20 mg/ml) has been achieved in aqueous saline after vortexing and warming to 70-80 oC. Lipopolysaccharides are molecules that form micelles in every solvent. Hazy solutions are observed in water and phosphate buffered saline. Organic solvents do not give clearer solutions. Methanol yields a turbid suspension with floaters, while water yields a homogeneously hazy solution.

기타 정보

To gain a comprehensive understanding of our extensive range of Lipopolysaccharides for your research, we encourage you to visit our Carbohydrates Category page.

픽토그램

Skull and crossbones

신호어

Danger

유해 및 위험 성명서

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 2 Oral

Storage Class Code

6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 / very toxic hazardous materials

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point (°F)

Not applicable

Flash Point (°C)

Not applicable


시험 성적서(COA)

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문서 라이브러리에서 최근에 구매한 제품에 대한 문서를 찾아보세요.

문서 라이브러리 방문

Lijia Chang et al.
The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology, 21(10), 932-937 (2018-06-13)
Although previous reports suggest sex-specific differences in the antidepressant actions of (R,S)-ketamine, these differences in the antidepressant actions of (R)-ketamine, which is more potent than (S)-ketamine, are unknown. Saline or (R)-ketamine was administered 23 hours post lipopolysaccharide administration to adult
Tobias Hilbert et al.
PloS one, 8(5), e65024-e65024 (2013-06-01)
IFNA1 (interferon alpha) is a key cytokine regulating the activity of numerous immune cells. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) as natural interferon-producing cells play critical roles as sensors of pathogens and link innate to adaptive immunity. CpG motifs within DNA sequences
Wei Yao et al.
European journal of pharmacology, 793, 21-27 (2016-11-07)
The Nuclear factor (erythroid 2-derived)-like 2 (Nrf2) plays a key role in inflammation which is implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. The Nrf2 activators have antidepressant effects in animal models of depression. The present study was undertaken to examine whether
Marie Hilderman et al.
Clinical kidney journal, 8(5), 599-605 (2015-09-29)
The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) modulates inflammatory responses through the vagus nerve and the α-7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) on macrophages and immune cells. Sympathetic/parasympathetic imbalance and chronic inflammation are both linked to poor outcome in dialysis patients. The aim of
A Bruchfeld et al.
Journal of internal medicine, 268(1), 94-101 (2010-03-27)
The central nervous system regulates innate immunity in part via the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, a neural circuit that transmits signals in the vagus nerve that suppress pro-inflammatory cytokine production by an alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (alpha7nAChR) dependent mechanism. Vagus nerve

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