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Merck
  • Postprandial Hyperglycemia Stimulates Neuroglial Plasticity in Hypothalamic POMC Neurons after a Balanced Meal.

Postprandial Hyperglycemia Stimulates Neuroglial Plasticity in Hypothalamic POMC Neurons after a Balanced Meal.

Cell reports (2020-03-05)
Danaé Nuzzaci, Céline Cansell, Fabienne Liénard, Emmanuelle Nédélec, Selma Ben Fradj, Julien Castel, Ewout Foppen, Raphael Denis, Dominique Grouselle, Amélie Laderrière, Aleth Lemoine, Alexia Mathou, Virginie Tolle, Tony Heurtaux, Xavier Fioramonti, Etienne Audinat, Luc Pénicaud, Jean-Louis Nahon, Carole Rovère, Alexandre Benani
要旨

Mechanistic studies in rodents evidenced synaptic remodeling in neuronal circuits that control food intake. However, the physiological relevance of this process is not well defined. Here, we show that the firing activity of anorexigenic POMC neurons located in the hypothalamus is increased after a standard meal. Postprandial hyperactivity of POMC neurons relies on synaptic plasticity that engages pre-synaptic mechanisms, which does not involve structural remodeling of synapses but retraction of glial coverage. These functional and morphological neuroglial changes are triggered by postprandial hyperglycemia. Chemogenetically induced glial retraction on POMC neurons is sufficient to increase POMC activity and modify meal patterns. These findings indicate that synaptic plasticity within the melanocortin system happens at the timescale of meals and likely contributes to short-term control of food intake. Interestingly, these effects are lost with a high-fat meal, suggesting that neuroglial plasticity of POMC neurons is involved in the satietogenic properties of foods.

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