A comparative study of the analysis of human urine headspace using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

A comparative study of the analysis of human urine headspace using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Journal of breath research (2008-09-01)

S Smith, H Burden, R Persad, K Whittington, B de Lacy Costello, N M Ratcliffe, C S Probert

ABSTRACT

First-void urine samples were obtained from 24 elderly, asymptomatic men (median age 62.9 years). The headspace above pH adjusted urine samples were extracted using a carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane solid phase micro-extraction fibre and the volatile organic compounds analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A total of 147 compounds were identified in the headspace of urine. The acidified samples recorded a total of 92 compounds, 27 of which were ubiquitous, basified samples 70 compounds, with 12 ubiquitous and unmodified pH samples 49, with 6 ubiquitous. Five compounds were ubiquitous irrespective of pH: acetone, methylene chloride, 4-heptanone, 2-pentanone and 2-butanone. A comparative analysis of unfrozen and frozen-thawed urine (stored at room temperature for 0, 1 and 8 h) showed that samples retained the same number of compounds although variations in the peak areas for some compounds were observed.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

24246

Supelco

Carboxen^®-1010 PLOT Capillary GC Column, L × I.D. 30 m × 0.32 mm, average thickness 15 μm

10471

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Carboxen^® Adsorbent, matrix Carboxen^® 1003, 40-60 mesh, bottle of 10 g

10478-U

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Carboxen^® Adsorbent, matrix Carboxen^® 1000, 60-80 mesh, bottle of 10 g

504823

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SPME Portable Field Sampler, coating PDMS

25461

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Carboxen^®-1006 PLOT Capillary GC Column, L × I.D. 30 m × 0.53 mm, average thickness 30 μm

24241-U

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Carboxen^®-1006 PLOT Capillary GC Column, L × I.D. 30 m × 0.32 mm, average thickness 15 μm

11324-U

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Carboxen^® Adsorbent, matrix Carboxen^® 564, 20-45 mesh, pack of 144 × 290 mg

57334-U

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SPME fiber assembly Carboxen/Polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS), d_f 85 μm(CAR/PDMS, needle size 24 ga, for use with manual holder, StableFlex fiber

57319

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SPME fiber assembly Carboxen/Polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS), d_f 75 μm(CAR/PDMS, needle size 24 ga, for use with autosampler

57341-U

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SPME fiber assembly Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), d_f 100 μm(PDMS, for use with autosampler, needle size 23 ga

57308

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SPME fiber assembly Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), d_f 30 μm(PDMS, needle size 24 ga, for use with manual holder

57343-U

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SPME fiber assembly Carboxen/Polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS), d_f 75 μm(CAR/PDMS, needle size 23 ga, for use with autosampler

57300-U

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SPME fiber assembly Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), d_f 100 μm(PDMS, needle size 24 ga, for use with manual holder

57344-U

Supelco

SPME fiber assembly Carboxen/Polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS), d_f 75 μm(CAR/PDMS, needle size 23 ga, for use with manual holder

57346-U

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SPME Fiber Assembly Polydimethylsiloxane/Divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB), fused silica fiber, d_f 65 μm(PDMS/DVB, for use with manual holder, needle size 23 ga

57318

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SPME fiber assembly Carboxen/Polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS), d_f 75 μm(CAR/PDMS, for use with manual holder, needle size 24 ga

57329-U

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SPME fiber assembly Divinylbenzene/Carboxen/Polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS), needle size 24 ga, StableFlex, for use with autosampler

57303

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SPME fiber assembly Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), d_f 7 μm(PDMS, needle size 24 ga, for use with autosampler

57304

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SPME fiber assembly polyacrylate (PA), d_f 85 μm(PA, for use with manual holder, needle size 24 ga

57309

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SPME fiber assembly Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), d_f 30 μm(PDMS, needle size 24 ga, for use with autosampler

10263

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Carboxen^® Adsorbent, matrix Carboxen^® 563, 20-45 mesh, bottle of 10 g

25467

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Carboxen^®-1010 PLOT Capillary GC Column, L × I.D. 30 m × 0.53 mm, average thickness 30 μm

10264

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Carboxen^® Adsorbent, matrix Carboxen^® 564, 20-45 mesh, bottle of 10 g

10269

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Carboxen^® Adsorbent, matrix Carboxen^® 569, 20-45 mesh, bottle of 10 g

57291-U

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SPME fiber assembly Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), d_f 7 μm(PDMS, needle size 23 ga, for use with autosampler

57301

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SPME fiber assembly Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), d_f 100 μm(PDMS, for use with autosampler, needle size 24 ga

10477-U

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Carboxen^® Adsorbent, matrix Carboxen^® 1000, 40-60 mesh, bottle of 50 g

57305

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SPME fiber assembly polyacrylate (PA), d_f 85 μm(PA, for use with autosampler, needle size 24 ga

57310-U

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SPME Fiber Assembly Polydimethylsiloxane/Divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB), d_f 65 μm(PDMS/DVB, needle size 24 ga, for use with manual holder

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SPME Sampling Stand, for use with 4 mL vials