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X1875

Sigma-Aldrich

Xanthine Oxidase from bovine milk

Grade I, ammonium sulfate suspension, ≥0.4 units/mg protein

Synonym(s):

XOD, Xanthine:oxygen oxidoreductase

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About This Item

CAS Number:
Enzyme Commission number:
1.17.3.2.
EC Number:
MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
12352204
NACRES:
NA.54

type

Grade I

Quality Level

form

ammonium sulfate suspension

specific activity

≥0.4 units/mg protein

foreign activity

uricase ≤0.5%

shipped in

wet ice

storage temp.

2-8°C

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General description

Xanthine Oxidase (XOD) is a metal flavoprotein. It has flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), molybdenum and iron in the ratio 2:2:8. This homodimer has a molecule weight of 290kDa. It is a member of the molybdenum-protein family. This enzyme consists of two separated substrate-binding sites.
Formerly E.C. 1.1.3.22

Application

Xanthine Oxidase from bovine milk has been used:
  • in the preparation of xanthine oxidase (XO) solution for 5-(diethoxyphosphoryl)-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DEPMPO)-spin trapping assay
  • in in vitro XO assay for screening Vietnamese medicinal plants for XO inhibitory activity
  • as a standard to determine XO activity
  • as a standard to test the synergistic effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

Biochem/physiol Actions

Hydroxylation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid is catalyzed by xanthinebb oxidase (XO) enzyme.
Xanthine oxidase is a molybdenum-containing enzyme that is found in the cytosol, and may be strongly inhibited by flavonoids. It plays a vital role in the metabolism of some drugs, as well as purines and pyrimidines. It is also known to be a biological source of reactive oxygen species.
Xanthine oxidase was shown to be involved in the reduction of cytochrome c by the generation of superoxide anions following the oxidation of xanthine. These free radicals are responsible for reducing cytochrome c.

Unit Definition

One unit will convert 1.0 μmole of xanthine to uric acid per min at pH 7.5 at 25 °C. Approx. 50% of the activity is obtained with hypoxanthine as substrate.

Physical form

Suspension in 2.3 M (NH4)2SO4 containing 1 mM sodium salicylate

Analysis Note

Protein determined by biuret

pictograms

Health hazard

signalword

Danger

hcodes

Hazard Classifications

Resp. Sens. 1

Storage Class

11 - Combustible Solids

wgk_germany

WGK 3

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

ppe

Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)


Certificates of Analysis (COA)

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Antioxidant properties of propofol and erythropoietin after closed head injury in rats
Ozturk E, et al.
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 29, 922-927 (2005)
Methods of Enzymatic Analysis (2012)
Asep I M Ali et al.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 9(5) (2019-05-06)
Given their high nitrogen (N) concentration and low costs, sweet potato vine silage (SPVS) and urea-molasses blocks (UMB) are recommended supplements for tropical regions; therefore, they were investigated in this study. Six heifers were allocated to three diets: the roughage
Xanthine oxidase: isolation, assays of activity, and inhibition
Kostic DA, et al.
Journal of Chemistry, 2015 (2015)
Ya Liu et al.
Frontiers in nutrition, 9, 879354-879354 (2022-05-03)
To promote the normal metabolism of human uric acid, high-performance hyaluronic acid-black rice anthocyanins (HAA) nanocomposite particles were successfully prepared by a simple crosslinking method as a novel xanthine oxidase inhibitor. Its structure and properties were characterized by scanning electron

Articles

Instructions for working with enzymes supplied as ammonium sulfate suspensions

Protocols

Enzymatic Assay of Superoxide Dismutase

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