HPA018322
Anti-TOX antibody produced in rabbit
Prestige Antibodies® Powered by Atlas Antibodies, affinity isolated antibody, buffered aqueous glycerol solution
Synonym(s):
Anti-Thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box protein TOX, Anti-Thymus high mobility group box protein TOX
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All Photos(6)
About This Item
biological source
rabbit
conjugate
unconjugated
antibody form
affinity isolated antibody
antibody product type
primary antibodies
clone
polyclonal
product line
Prestige Antibodies® Powered by Atlas Antibodies
form
buffered aqueous glycerol solution
species reactivity
human
enhanced validation
orthogonal RNAseq
Learn more about Antibody Enhanced Validation
technique(s)
immunoblotting: 0.04-0.4 μg/mL
immunohistochemistry: 1:200-1:500
immunogen sequence
PDAPCLGPSPCLDPYYCNKFDGENMYMSMTEPSQDYVPASQSYPGPSLESEDFNIPPITPPSLPDHSLVHLNEVESGYHSLCHPMNHNGLLPFHPQN
UniProt accession no.
shipped in
wet ice
storage temp.
−20°C
target post-translational modification
unmodified
Gene Information
human ... TOX(9760)
General description
The gene thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box protein (TOX) is mapped to human chromosome 8q12.1. TOX belongs to HMG (high-mobility group) box family of DNA-binding proteins. It is mainly expressed in the thymus.
Immunogen
Thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box protein TOX recombinant protein epitope signature tag (PrEST)
Application
All Prestige Antibodies Powered by Atlas Antibodies are developed and validated by the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) project and as a result, are supported by the most extensive characterization in the industry.
The Human Protein Atlas project can be subdivided into three efforts: Human Tissue Atlas, Cancer Atlas, and Human Cell Atlas. The antibodies that have been generated in support of the Tissue and Cancer Atlas projects have been tested by immunohistochemistry against hundreds of normal and disease tissues and through the recent efforts of the Human Cell Atlas project, many have been characterized by immunofluorescence to map the human proteome not only at the tissue level but now at the subcellular level. These images and the collection of this vast data set can be viewed on the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) site by clicking on the Image Gallery link. We also provide Prestige Antibodies® protocols and other useful information.
The Human Protein Atlas project can be subdivided into three efforts: Human Tissue Atlas, Cancer Atlas, and Human Cell Atlas. The antibodies that have been generated in support of the Tissue and Cancer Atlas projects have been tested by immunohistochemistry against hundreds of normal and disease tissues and through the recent efforts of the Human Cell Atlas project, many have been characterized by immunofluorescence to map the human proteome not only at the tissue level but now at the subcellular level. These images and the collection of this vast data set can be viewed on the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) site by clicking on the Image Gallery link. We also provide Prestige Antibodies® protocols and other useful information.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box protein (TOX) is important for T-cell selection, differentiation and maturation. TOX is up-regulated by pre-T cell receptor (TCR) and TCR activation of immature thymocytes. Presence of TOX results in expanded CD8+ and reduced CD4+ single positive thymocyte subpopulation. TOX promoter is hypermethylated in lung and breast cancer lines, resulting in down-regulation of TOX. However, down-regulation of TOX does not affect the proliferation or migration potential of the cells. TOX is required for IL (Interleukin)-15-mediated natural killer (NK) cell differentiation. In addition, TOX affects the expression of T-bet (T-box expressed in T cells) which plays important role in NK differentiation and maturation.
Features and Benefits
Prestige Antibodies® are highly characterized and extensively validated antibodies with the added benefit of all available characterization data for each target being accessible via the Human Protein Atlas portal linked just below the product name at the top of this page. The uniqueness and low cross-reactivity of the Prestige Antibodies® to other proteins are due to a thorough selection of antigen regions, affinity purification, and stringent selection. Prestige antigen controls are available for every corresponding Prestige Antibody and can be found in the linkage section.
Every Prestige Antibody is tested in the following ways:
Every Prestige Antibody is tested in the following ways:
- IHC tissue array of 44 normal human tissues and 20 of the most common cancer type tissues.
- Protein array of 364 human recombinant protein fragments.
Linkage
Corresponding Antigen APREST73801
Physical form
Solution in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.2, containing 40% glycerol and 0.02% sodium azide
Legal Information
Prestige Antibodies is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
Disclaimer
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
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Storage Class
10 - Combustible liquids
wgk_germany
WGK 1
flash_point_f
Not applicable
flash_point_c
Not applicable
Certificates of Analysis (COA)
Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.
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Differential epigenetic regulation of TOX subfamily high mobility group box genes in lung and breast cancers.
Tessema M
PLoS ONE, 7, e34850-e34850 (2012)
Anne M R Schrader et al.
Archives of dermatological research, 308(6), 423-427 (2016-05-18)
Thymocyte selection-associated high-mobility group box (TOX) is aberrantly expressed in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. In a recent study, TOX expression was noted unexpectedly in the follicle center (germinal center) B-cells of reactive lymph nodes and tonsils, used as external controls. To
A M R Schrader et al.
The British journal of dermatology, 175(2), 382-386 (2016-03-05)
TOX (thymocyte selection-associated high-mobility group box) was shown to be aberrantly expressed in mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) and is suggested to have additional diagnostic value. However, data on expression in other types of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL)
Laura Y McGirt et al.
The Journal of investigative dermatology, 134(4), 1101-1107 (2013-12-07)
The pathogenesis of the cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), mycosis fungoides (MF), is unclear. MicroRNA (miRNA) are small noncoding RNAs that target mRNA leading to reduced mRNA translation. Recently, specific miRNA were shown to be altered in CTCL. We detected significantly
L Y McGirt et al.
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV, 30(9), 1497-1502 (2016-06-28)
Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) are skin malignancies including mycosis fungoides (MF) and CD30(+) lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD). In early disease, CTCL can be difficult to diagnose, especially in MF for which there is no reliable diagnostic marker. MF/CTCL have increased expression
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