930946

Lithium nitrate

battery grade, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

• Synonym(s): Lithium salt of nitric acid
• Linear Formula: LiNO₃
• CAS Number: 7790-69-4
• Molecular Weight: 68.95
• MDL number: MFCD00011094
• UNSPSC Code: 12352302
• NACRES: NA.21

Properties

• Quality Level: 100
• grade: battery grade
• assay: ≥99.9% trace metals basis
• form: powder
• greener alternative product characteristics: Design for Energy Efficiency; Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry.
• sustainability: Greener Alternative Product
• impurities: ≤0.5 wt. % H2O; ≤1000 ppm (trace metals analysis)
• mp: 264 °C (lit.)
• solubility: H₂O: soluble (highly soluble(lit.)); acetone: soluble ((lit.)); alcohols: soluble ((lit.))
• anion traces: chloride (Cl^-): ≤500 ppm; sulfate (SO₄^2-): ≤200 ppm
• application(s): battery manufacturing
• greener alternative category: Enabling
• SMILES string: [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O
• InChI: 1S/Li.NO3/c;2-1(3)4/q+1;-1
• InChI key: IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Description

General description

Anhydrous lithium nitrate is a white, crystalline salt. The anhydrous form is hygroscopic and deliquescent. The salt is soluble in water, ethanol, methanol, pyridine, ammonia, and acetone. Like some other metal nitrates, lithium nitrate has a low melting point of only 264 °C, and decomposes above 600 °C. Because of its low melting point, it is used to produce low-melting fused-salt mixtures in ceramics and heat-exchange media.
Lithium nitrate is produced by the acid-base reaction between nitric acid and lithium carbonate, which evolves carbon dioxide and water. The resulting material is dried, purified, and heated to form the anhydrous product.

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Application

Researchers and manufacturers use lithium nitrate in the preparation of many lithium compounds, most notably lithium nickel oxide (LiNiO₂) and lithium manganese oxide (LiMn₂O₄). One common strategy for synthesizing these lithium metal oxides involves a high-temperature reaction of lithium nitrate with a metal carbonate, like nickel carbonate, or with a metal oxide, like manganese oxide. At temperatures above 650 °C, lithium nitrate evolves oxygen gas and nitrogen dioxide gas and decomposes through a complex process into lithium oxide, which reacts with the metal precursors to form the tertiary or quaternary lithium metal oxides. Researchers have used this technique to prepare exciting new materials, like LiAl_0.25Ni_0.75O₂ as a cathode material in lithium-ion batteries and LiGa₅O₈ as a phosphor for optical information storage.
Because lithium nitrate is soluble in water, researchers also use lithium nitrate in the synthesis of lithium compounds using a host of solution-based chemistries. For example, microwave-induced combustion using solutions of lithium nitrate has yielded olivine-type lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄), lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO₂), and lithium titanium oxides (ex. Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ and Li₂TiO₃). Hydrothermal processing, sol-gel processing, spray pyrolysis, co-precipitation pre-processing, and Li emulsion-drying methods have all used lithium nitrate as a reactant to form lithium metal oxides. These techniques can yield controlled particle size, grain size, crystallinity, or facilitate the introduction of dopants for engineering the properties of the products, often explored for next-generation lithium-ion batteries.
Our battery grade lithium nitrate with ≥99.9% trace metals purity and low chloride and sulfate impurities, is designed as a precursor for cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

Safety Information

• pictograms: GHS03,GHS07
• signalword: Warning
• hcodes: H272,H302,H319
• pcodes: P210 - P220 - P264 - P280 - P301 + P312 - P305 + P351 + P338
• Hazard Classifications: Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Irrit. 2 - Ox. Sol. 3
• Storage Class: 5.1B - Oxidizing hazardous materials
• wgk_germany: WGK 1
• flash_point_f: Not applicable
• flash_point_c: Not applicable