5.04594

Gemcitabine, HCl

• Sinonimo/i: Gemcitabine, HCl, 2ʹ,2ʹ-Difluoro-2ʹ-deoxycytidine, HCl, 2ʹ-Deoxy-2ʹ,2ʹ-difluorocytidine, HCl, 4-Amino-1-((2R,5S)-3,3-difluoro-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one, HCl, LY188011, dFdC, dFdCyd, Ribonucleotide Reductase Inhibitor II, RNR Inhibitor II, LY188011, dFdC, dFdCyd, 2ʹ,2ʹ-Difluoro-2ʹ-deoxycytidine, HCl, 2ʹ-Deoxy-2ʹ,2ʹ-difluorocytidine, HCl, 4-Amino-1-((2R,5S)-3,3-difluoro-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one, HCl, Ribonucleotide
• Formula empirica (notazione di Hill): C₉H₁₁F₂N₃O₄ · xHCl
• Numero CAS: 122111-03-9
• Peso molecolare: 263.20 (free base basis)
• Numero MDL: MFCD01735988
• Codice UNSPSC: 12352200
• NACRES: NA.77

Proprietà

• Saggio: ≥99% (HPLC)
• Livello qualitativo: 100
• Stato: powder
• Produttore/marchio commerciale: Calbiochem^®
• Condizioni di stoccaggio: OK to freeze; desiccated (hygroscopic); protect from light
• Colore: white
• Solubilità: water: 25 mg/mL
• Temperatura di conservazione: 2-8°C
• Stringa SMILE: FC1([C@@H](O[C@@H]([C@H]1O)CO)[n]2[c](nc(cc2)N)=O)F.Cl
• InChI: 1S/C9H11F2N3O4.ClH/c10-9(11)6(16)4(3-15)18-7(9)14-2-1-5(12)13-8(14)17;/h1-2,4,6-7,15-16H,3H2,(H2,12,13,17);1H/t4-,6-,7-;/m1./s1; OKKDEIYWILRZIA-OSZBKLCCSA-N

Descrizione

Descrizione generale

A bioavailable, moderately toxic, deoxyctytidine analog with anti-metabolite and anti-tumor properties. Shown to be effective against a variety of tumors and blocks the growth of cancer cells in culture (IC ₅₀ = 8.7, 57, 3.7, and 36 nM for L1210, CEM, Caco2, and HeLa cells, respectively). Following its uptake into cells by nucleoside transporters it is phosphorylated to its mono (dFdCMP), di (dFdCDP), and triphosphorylated (dFdCTP) forms by deoxycytidine kinase. dFdCDP and dFdCTP are reported to inhibit the activity of ribonucleotide reductase and impede DNA synthesis and repair mechanisms and induce cell death. Blocks the progression of cells through the G1/S phase. The dFdCTP is shown to compete with endogenous deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) for incorporation into DNA and against CTP into RNA. Gemcitabine is also shown to block mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ. Works synergistically with other chemotherapeutic agents to enhance their cytotoxicity. Its half life is reported to be 42 to 94 min (depending upon the age and sex of the individual).

Azioni biochim/fisiol

Cell permeable: yes

Primary Target
DNA

Reversible: no

Secondary Target
DNA polymerase

Confezionamento

Packaged under inert gas

Attenzione

Toxicity: Carcinogenic / Teratogenic (D)

Ricostituzione

Following reconstitution, aliquot and freeze (-20°C). Stock solutions are stable for up to 6 months at -20°C.

Altre note

Hung, S.W., et al. 2012. Cancer Lett.320, 138.
Fowler, J.D., et al. 2008. J. Biol. Chem.283, 15339.
Mackey, J.R., et al. 1998. Cancer Res.58, 4349.
Eda, H., et al. 1998. Cancer Res.58, 1165.
Burris III, H.A., et al. 1997. J. Clin. Oncol.15, 2403.
Heinemann, V., et al. 1992. Cancer Res.52, 533.
Hertel, L.W., et al. 1990. Cancer Res.50, 4417.

Note legali

CALBIOCHEM is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

Informazioni sulla sicurezza

• Pittogrammi: GHS08
• Avvertenze: Danger
• Indicazioni di pericolo: H360
• Consigli di prudenza: P201 - P202 - P280 - P308 + P313 - P405 - P501
• Classi di pericolo: Repr. 1B
• Codice della classe di stoccaggio: 6.1C - Combustible, acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects
• Classe di pericolosità dell'acqua (WGK): WGK 3
• Punto d’infiammabilità (°F): Not applicable
• Punto d’infiammabilità (°C): Not applicable