1.02442

Chloroform

for analysis (for determinations with dithizone)

• Synonym(s): TCM, Trichloromethane, Methane trichloride, Methyl trichloride, Methylidyne trichloride, Trichloromethane
• Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): CHCl₃
• CAS Number: 67-66-3
• Molecular Weight: 119.38
• Beilstein: 1731042
• MDL number: MFCD00000826
• UNSPSC Code: 12191502
• EC Index Number: 200-663-8
• NACRES: NA.21

Properties

• vapor density: 4.1 (vs air)
• Quality Level: 300
• vapor pressure: 160 mmHg ( 20 °C)
• Assay: 99.0-99.4% (GC)
• form: liquid
• potency: 695 mg/kg LD₅₀, oral (Rat); >3980 mg/kg LD₅₀, skin (Rabbit)
• impurities: ≤0.0001% Chloride (Cl); ≤0.001% Free acid (as HCl); ≤0.005% Carbonyl compounds (as CO); ≤0.01% Carbon tetrachloride (GC); ≤0.01% Dichloromethane (GC); ≤0.01% Tetrachloroethylene (GC); ≤0.01% Trichloroethylene (GC); ≤0.01% Water; 0.6-1% Ethanol (GC); 0.6-1.0% Ethanol (GC)
• evapn. residue: ≤0.001%
• refractive index: n20/D 1.445 (lit.)
• bp: 60.5-61.5 °C (lit.)
• mp: −63 °C (lit.)
• density: 1.492 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
• cation traces: Al: ≤0.00005%; B: ≤0.000002%; Ba: ≤0.00001%; Ca: ≤0.00005%; Cd: ≤0.000005%; Co: ≤0.000002%; Cr: ≤0.000002%; Cu: ≤0.000002%; Fe: ≤0.00001%; Mg: ≤0.00001%; Mn: ≤0.000002%; Ni: ≤0.000002%; Pb: ≤0.00001%; Sn: ≤0.00001%; Zn: ≤0.00001%
• storage temp.: 2-30°C
• SMILES string: ClC(Cl)Cl
• InChI: 1S/CHCl3/c2-1(3)4/h1H
• InChI key: HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Description

Application

• Characterization of Natural Products: Chloroform is extensively used in the extraction and isolation of natural products. A study on the characterization and pesticidal evaluation of diterpenes isolated from chloroform extracts of Hedychium spicatum rhizomes highlights its effectiveness. This application is crucial for identifying bioactive compounds and assessing their potential uses in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals (Rawat et al., Analytical Chemistry Letters, 2023).


• Self-Diffusion and Molecular Association Studies: Chloroform is used in studies of self-diffusion and molecular association in binary systems, such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and acetone. These studies provide insights into the molecular interactions and dynamics in mixed solvents, which are essential for understanding solvation and reaction mechanisms in various chemical processes (Gurina and Golubev, Results in Chemistry, 2022).


• Cell-Free DNA Isolation: A novel phenol-chloroform-free method for isolating cell-free DNA from cell-conditioned media has been developed, optimized, and compared with traditional methods. This advancement is significant for genomic studies, allowing for more efficient and less hazardous extraction of nucleic acids from biological samples (Das et al., Analytical Biochemistry, 2024).


• Green Chemistry and Circular Economy: Chloroform plays a role in green analytical chemistry, particularly in the development of circular chemistry principles. Research emphasizes the need to design chemical processes that minimize waste and environmental impact, promoting sustainability in analytical laboratories. This includes the use of chloroform in recyclable and reusable systems to reduce solvent waste (Psillakis and Pena-Pereira, TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 2024).

Analysis Note

Purity (GC): 99.0 - 99.4 %
Identity (IR): conforms
Free acid (as HCl): ≤ 0.001 %
Chloride (Cl): ≤ 0.0001 %
Free chlorine (Cl): conforms
Carbonyl compounds (as CO): ≤ 0.005 %
Matter discolored by H₂SO₄: ≤ 10 Hazen
Ethanol (GC): 0.6 - 1.0 %
Dichloromethane (GC): ≤ 0.01 %
Carbon tetrachloride (GC): ≤ 0.01 %
Tetrachloroethylene (GC): ≤ 0.01 %
Trichloroethylene (GC): ≤ 0.01 %
Evaporation residue: ≤ 0.001 %
Water: ≤ 0.01 %
Suitability for determination with dithizone: conforms
Al (Aluminium): ≤ 0.00005 %
B (Boron): ≤ 0.000002 %
Ba (Barium): ≤ 0.00001 %
Ca (Calcium): ≤ 0.00005 %
Cd (Cadmium): ≤ 0.000005 %
Co (Cobalt): ≤ 0.000002 %
Cr (Chromium): ≤ 0.000002 %
Cu (Copper): ≤ 0.000002 %
Fe (Iron): ≤ 0.00001 %
Mg (Magnesium): ≤ 0.00001 %
Mn (Manganese): ≤ 0.000002 %
Ni (Nickel): ≤ 0.000002 %
Pb (Lead): ≤ 0.00001 %
Sn (Tin): ≤ 0.00001 %
Zn (Zinc): ≤ 0.00001 %
Stabilized with 0.6 - 1.0% ethanol.

Safety Information

• Pictograms: GHS06,GHS08
• Signal Word: Danger
• Hazard Statements: H302 - H315 - H319 - H331 - H336 - H351 - H361d - H372
• Precautionary Statements: P202 - P301 + P312 - P302 + P352 - P304 + P340 + P311 - P305 + P351 + P338 - P308 + P313
• Hazard Classifications: Acute Tox. 3 Inhalation - Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Carc. 2 - Eye Irrit. 2 - Repr. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2 - STOT RE 1 Oral - STOT SE 3
• Target Organs: Central nervous system
• Storage Class Code: 6.1D - Non-combustible, acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic hazardous materials or hazardous materials causing chronic effects
• WGK: WGK 3
• Flash Point(F): does not flash
• Flash Point(C): does not flash