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Neutralizing Gatad2a-Chd4-Mbd3/NuRD Complex Facilitates Deterministic Induction of Naive Pluripotency.

Cell stem cell (2018-08-21)
Nofar Mor, Yoach Rais, Daoud Sheban, Shani Peles, Alejandro Aguilera-Castrejon, Asaf Zviran, Dalia Elinger, Sergey Viukov, Shay Geula, Vladislav Krupalnik, Mirie Zerbib, Elad Chomsky, Lior Lasman, Tom Shani, Jonathan Bayerl, Ohad Gafni, Suhair Hanna, Jason D Buenrostro, Tzachi Hagai, Hagit Masika, Gintautas Vainorius, Yehudit Bergman, William J Greenleaf, Miguel A Esteban, Ulrich Elling, Yishai Levin, Rada Massarwa, Yifat Merbl, Noa Novershtern, Jacob H Hanna
RESUMEN

Mbd3, a member of nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) co-repressor complex, was previously identified as an inhibitor for deterministic induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) reprogramming, where up to 100% of donor cells successfully complete the process. NuRD can assume multiple mutually exclusive conformations, and it remains unclear whether this deterministic phenotype can be attributed to a specific Mbd3/NuRD subcomplex. Moreover, since complete ablation of Mbd3 blocks somatic cell proliferation, we aimed to explore functionally relevant alternative ways to neutralize Mbd3-dependent NuRD activity. We identify Gatad2a, a NuRD-specific subunit, whose complete deletion specifically disrupts Mbd3/NuRD repressive activity on the pluripotency circuitry during iPSC differentiation and reprogramming without ablating somatic cell proliferation. Inhibition of Gatad2a facilitates deterministic murine iPSC reprogramming within 8 days. We validate a distinct molecular axis, Gatad2a-Chd4-Mbd3, within Mbd3/NuRD as being critical for blocking reestablishment of naive pluripotency and further highlight signaling-dependent and post-translational modifications of Mbd3/NuRD that influence its interactions and assembly.

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