固相微萃取(SPME)
固相微萃取(SPME)是一种创新且灵敏的无溶剂样品制备技术。其基于吸附/吸收和解吸作用,利用涂层萃取头浓缩样品中的挥发性和半挥发性化合物。
SPME广泛用于各种应用,包括环境、生物和制药样品、食品饮料、香精香料、法医学、毒理学以及产品检验。常见用途包括:
- 水和空气样品的环境分析
- 聚合物和固体样品中的痕量杂质顶空分析
- ppt 级气味分析
- 食品风味分析
- 纵火和爆炸样品的法医分析
- 血液酒精或尿液/血清中的药物毒理学分析
相关技术文章
- Recommended fibers based on analyte type and molecular weight; tips for SPME fiber selection for a variety of applications.
- Supel™ BioSPME 96-Pin devices enhance the speed and simplicity of plasma protein binding studies and analyses of other free analytes, compared to the rapid equilibrium dialysis techniques for accurate and reproducible LCMS results.
- Answers and tips relating to the application of the solid phase micro-extraction technique.
- SPME fibers with Carboxen®/Polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) and Polydimethylsiloxane/ Divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) coatings are now available on a nitinol core (NIT) in a SS assembly for improved fiber performance.
- Selecting the Appropriate SPME Fiber Coating –Effect of Analyte Molecular Weight and Polarity
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相关实验方案
- Aldehydes and ketones are ubiquitous air pollutants. Along with esters and ethers, they are major components of indoor air pollution and are therefore important for industrial hygiene applications.
- Separation of 2-Ethyl-3-methylpyrazine; 1-Methylpyrrole; 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine; 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine; 2-Ethylpyrazine, ≥98%, FG; 2,3-Diethylpyrazine; 2-Methylpyrazine; Carbon disulfide; Dimethyl disulfide; 2,6-Dimethylpyrazine
- Bisphenol A (BPA) is suspected to be an endocrine disruptor. Regulations on specific migration limits (SML) from food contact materials are getting tighter (EU 2018/213) requiring more sensitive determinations. An overcoated SPME fiber provides the durability necessary for direct immersion into foods such as canned soup and pumpkin, allowing for low level analysis of BPA via SPME-GC-MS/MS.
- High performance, reliability, and reproducibility of HS-SPME in combination with GC/MS for the determination of VOCs in water was proven in an interlaboratory trial. The new ISO 17943 using HS-SPME is an improvement on existing official methods for this determination in terms of sensitivity and selectivity.
- Separation of 2-Isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine 20 ppt; 2-Isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine; 2-Methylisoborneol; (±)-Geosmin 10 ppt
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SPME有何作用原理?
SPME的萃取头涂层具有多种固定相:液体(聚合物),固体(吸附剂)或二者混合。萃取头装在保护针口中并装在外观像注射器的支架上。
萃取头接触样品时,样品中的分析物将从样品基质分配到固定相中,直到建立平衡为止。萃取头涂层通过吸收(液体涂层)或吸附(固体涂层)从样品中提取化合物。规定的萃取时间过后,移出萃取头并直接插入色谱仪(通常为 气象色谱(GC) 或 HPLC),以进行解吸和分析。气相色谱对分析物热解吸,而HPLC过程中则采用溶剂将分析物解吸成液相。
SPME的优势
SPME将分析物采样、分离和富集融合在一个简单的步骤之中。通过控制萃取头涂层极性和厚度,维持一致的采样时间并控制其他几个萃取参数,即使分析物浓度较低,分析人员仍可通过SPME确保从样品获得高度一致且可定量的结果。
SPME的其他优势包括:
- 无溶剂
- 易于自动化
- 对样品无侵入性
- 几乎适用于所有样品或基质
- 所用萃取头可重复使用且价格便宜
- 萃取头尺寸小巧,适合现场使用
- 与GC或HPLC仪器兼容
用于GC分析的SPME萃取头
传统SPME用于萃取和浓缩分析物以进行GC分析。萃取方法分为直接萃取(DI-SPME,纤维头直接浸入液体样品中)或顶空萃取(HS-SPME,纤维头气相暴露在样品上方)。
用于LC-MS分析的Supel™ BioSPME
Supel™ BioSPME是一种生物分析微量采样和样品制备技术,用于从生物样品中快速选择性萃取各种分析物,同时去除无必要的大分子(例如脂质、蛋白质)。后续分析通常通过LC -MS进行。Supel™ BioSPME通过直接萃取操作,不涉及样品预处理,并提供了一个非彻底的,基于平衡的萃取。
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