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77140

Sigma-Aldrich

Peptidoglycan from Staphylococcus aureus

cell wall component

Synonym(s):

Peptidoglycan from S. aureus

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About This Item

MDL number:
MFCD00212486
UNSPSC Code:
12352201
NACRES:
NA.32

Quality Level

100

form

lyophilized powder

solubility

soluble, hazy to turbid, colorless to faintly yellow

storage temp.

−20°C

Related Categories

Application

Peptidoglycan from Staphylococcus aureus has been used:
  • for the stimulation of lymphocytes: peptidoglycan activates the toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), present in mammalian cells. It works as an antagonist of Poly (I:C)
  • for g-type lysozyme stimulation by intraperitoneally inoculating it into sole specimens
  • in phosphate buffer saline and injected into Labeo rohita fingerlings, to study its effect on nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-2 (NOD-2) gene expression

Biochem/physiol Actions

The cell wall of gram positive bacteria is largely made up of peptidoglycan. It is composed of polysaccharide chains interlinked by peptide bridges. This peptidoglycan gives a certain rigidity to the cell wall and gives the cell mechanical strength. It is a surface molecule which is known to stimulate immune reactions including cytokine production to fever.

Packaging

Bottomless glass bottle. Contents are inside inserted fused cone.

Other Notes

Major component of the cell wall in gram positive organisms. Consists of a glycan backbone with alternating β 1-4 linked residues of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and muramic acid. The immunological activities of bacterial peptidoglycans; Peptidoglycan types of bacterial cell walls and their taxonomic implications; Antibody response to peptidoglycan during staphylococcal infections

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

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L J Wheat et al.
The Journal of infectious diseases, 147(1), 16-22 (1983-01-01)
Levels of antibodies to peptidoglycan were measured by solid-phase radioimmunoassay in 76 patients with Staphylococcus aureus infections and 44 patients with infections caused by other bacteria. Levels of IgM antibodies to peptidoglycan were elevated in 24% of the patients with
The immunological activities of bacterial peptidoglycans.
D E Stewart-Tull
Annual review of microbiology, 34, 311-340 (1980-01-01)
Genomic characterization, phylogeny and gene regulation of g-type lysozyme in sole (Solea senegalensis)
Ponce M, et al.
Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 31(6), 925-937 (2011)
Xue Kong et al.
Frontiers in physiology, 9, 1476-1476 (2018-11-09)
Vesicomyidae clams are common species living in cold seeps, which incorporates symbiotic bacteria into their body maintaining endosymbiosis relationship. As members of pattern recognition receptor (PRR) family, peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) recognize pathogen associated molecular patterns and play an important
A peptidoglycan recognition protein in innate immunity conserved from insects to humans
Kang D, et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 95(17), 10078-10082 (1998)
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Articles

Peptidoglycan Structure, Biosynthesis and Function

The basic structure of peptidoglycan (PGN) contains a carbohydrate backbone of alternating units of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and Nacetylmuramic acid, with the N-acetylmuramic acid residues cross-linked to peptides.

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