气相色谱分析(GC)

气相色谱分析(GC)是分离和分析混合物中挥发性和半挥发性化合物的常用分析技术。这一技术凭借出色的分辨能力及速率和灵敏度，成为常用的分析技术。GC在环境、石油、化工、食品和饮料以及制药等众多行业中广泛使用。

同其他色谱技术一样，气相色谱法也涉及固定相和流动相。GC的流动相为惰性气体，通常是氦气或氮气，固定相可以是固体吸附剂，称为气固色谱法(GSC)，也可以是吸附在惰性载体上的液体，称为气液色谱法（GLC或GC）。

New cis/trans FAME Standard for Optimising GC System Performance
AOCS and AOAC methods for determining the trans fatty acid composition of foods by gas chromatography require the use of a highly polar cyanosilicone capillary column to provide the best peak resolution attainable of the numerous geometric (cis & trans) and positional isomers.
Hopane Reference Standards for use as Petrochemical Biomarkers in Oil Field Remediation and Spill Analysis
We provide high-quality, relevant hopane reference standards to be used as biomarkers for petrochemical oil field remediation and spill analysis.
P-I-A-N-O Standards for Detailed Hydrocarbon Analyses
This is an article concerning P-I-A-N-O standards for detailed hydrocarbon analyses.
Petroleum Hydrocarbon Standards for SIMDIS Analyses
Understanding the boiling point range distribution of petrochemical products is critical for selection of the proper method to process feed stocks, for process control, for contaminant identification and for development of new test methods.
Achieve Exceptional Resolution of PAHs, Including Several Isomer Sets Using SLB®-ILPAH Capillary GC Columns
SLB®-ILPAH is a special purpose column based on an ionic liquid stationary phase providing unique selectivity and efficient column dimensions allowing exceptional resolution of PAHs
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Related Protocols

Allergenic Fragrance Testing – New Certified Reference Materials and GC-FID/GC-MS Application
Last year, the International Fragrance Association (IFRA) published a new method for the testing of 57 potentially allergenic fragrances. We introduce two new dedicated certified reference materials (CRMs) and their analysis by GC using an ionic liquid capillary column, providing unique selectivity & stability.
Analysis of Alkylphenols and Alkylphenol Ethoxylates Using new 13C-Labeled and Deuterated Internal Standards According to ISO 18857-2
Alkylphenols are starting materials for the synthesis of alkylphenol ethoxylates, which are widely used as non ionic tensides, dispersive agents in paper and leather manufacturing, emulsifiers for pesticide formulations and as auxiliary agents for drilling and flotation.
FAME Standard for Optimizing GC System Performance
AOCS and AOAC methods for determining the trans fatty acid composition of foods by gas chromatography require the use of a highly polar cyanosilicone capillary column to provide the best peak resolution attainable of the numerous geometric (cis & trans) and positional isomers.
Fast and Reliable Environmental Analysis of Aldehyde and Ketone Air Pollutants
Aldehydes and ketones are ubiquitous air pollutants. Along with esters and ethers, they are major components of indoor air pollution and are therefore important for industrial hygiene applications.
New GC-MS Method for Mycotoxin Analysis
An article regarding A New GC-MS Method for Mycotoxin Analysis Using 13C-marked Mycotoxin Derivatives from Sigma-Aldrich.com
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气相色谱原理

样品收集和制备后，在色谱柱内分离目标分析物，再由检测器测定色谱柱流出组分的含量。在气相色谱中，将分析物从仪器进样口注入并进入柱箱汽化。气化样品随着惰性气体的流动（流动相）在色谱柱中迁移。样品中的化合物在柱子的固定相和载气之间分配。化合物和固定相之间相互作用的大小决定了分析物的保留时间。在柱的出样口，化合物通过检测器(MS或非MS)时产生信号。色谱图即气相色谱的分离结果。

为了测量试样浓度，将已知浓度的标准品注入气相色谱仪中。将标准品的峰保留时间和面积与试样结果比较以确定未知浓度。GC通常采用外标物和内标物保证试样定量的可靠性。当已知标准品与目标样品各自分开运行，并且其响应值比较的是样品在另一色谱图中的响应值时，这种标准品称为外标物。在样品中加入并同时分析的标准品称为内标物。

GC分析的样品收集和制备

气相色谱可以分析许多样品，只要样品化合物具有一定的挥发性（可以汽化）和热稳定性（高温下不会降解）。样品可从固体、液体或气体材料中收集。制备GC样品时，务必要尽量降低样品复杂度，因为样品的质量会影响最终色谱结果的准确性和精密度。我们提供各种基质特异性的样品制备技术，帮助在GC分析之前分离和浓缩分析物和样品基质。