Antitumor effect of conditioned media derived from murine MSCs and 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) mediated photodynamic therapy in breast cancer in vitro.

Mesenchymal stem cells are multi-potent progenitor cells that inhibit tumor growth by some ligands and releasing factors including TRAIL, DKK-1 and DKK-3. On other hands, photodynamic therapy is commonly used for treatment of different types of cancer. The aims of this study are to investigate of MSCs conditioned media and ALA mediated photodynamic therapy in breast cancer. Condition media was derived after documentation of mouse adipose derived MSCs. For photodynamic therapy (PDT), ALA was used at the final concentrations of 1mM for 4-h followed by exposure to red light with a peak wave length of 632-nm, delivered from diode laser located at 2 cm to achieve a total light dose of 5 Joules (J)/cm(2). Apoptosis and growth of 4T1 cancer cells were analyzed in different groups including MSCs derived condition media, PDT and MSCs derived condition media plus PDT by flow cytometry. Growth of cancer cells were assessed using MTT test. Our findings showed expression of TRAIL on mouse adipose-derived MSCs surfaces. Furthermore, treatment of 4T1 cancer cells with MSCs conditioned media cause to inhibit the cancer cells growth. Also, MSCs conditioned media with PDT have significantly synergic effects to induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells (P < 0.05). Growth of cancer cells remarkably decreased after treatment with MSCs conditioned media and PDT in time-dependent manner (P < 0.01). Results revealed that MSCs conditioned media induced the apoptosis in 4T1 breast cancer cells and apoptotic effects of MSCs conditioned media were intensified following photodynamic therapy. This study showed that MSCs conditioned media combined with PDT may be useful as a novel treatment modality into the development of therapeutic strategies for treatment of breast cancer.