有机电子学
有机电子学采用有机聚合物或小分子制备诸多新型应用领域的电子元件。与传统硅基无机材料相比,有机电子材料更轻、更具柔性且更便宜。有机电子器件的生产、使用和处置也更加节省能源和资源。
小分子有机电子设备的制备通常要采用真空沉积方法将有机材料薄膜转移到衬底表面。有机电子设备可以采用导电聚合物通过低成本的溶液加工方法制备。有机半导体材料可制成可溶性物质并转化为墨水,从而可将电子电路直接打印到大的塑料薄膜上。这些材料非常适合于容易扩大的大面积卷对卷制造工艺,可以实现快速低成本的生产。
有机导电材料用于:
相关技术文章
- Light-Emitting Polymers
- Organic Light-emitting Diodes (OLEDs) are solid-state devices that transform electrical energy into light. OLEDs are considered the next generation technology for high-resolution flexible displays and solid state lighting, attracting intense scientific and industrial interest.
- Highly extended polyacenes such as pentacene and naphthacene have been essential organic semiconductors for high-performance organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Among the range of thienoacene-based organic semiconductors, materials with an internal thieno[3,2-b]thiophene substructure, such as DNTT and BTBT, have shown the best p-channel organic semiconductors for OFET applications in terms of high mobility, air stability, and good reproducibility.
- Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, also called additive manufacturing (AM), has recently come into the spotlight because of its potential high-impact implementation in applications ranging from personal tools to aerospace equipment.
- The detection and quantification of biomarkers are essential for medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and bioresearch.
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相关实验方案
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OLED
有机发光二极管(OLED)是一种电子发光设备,包括位于带正电阳极(用于注入空穴)和带负电阴极(用于注入电子)之间的有机半导体发射层,以及允许不同电荷载体流入半导体发射层的传输层。当电极上发射的电荷在有机层中重新结合时会直接产生光。OLED可产生鲜艳的色彩和更明亮的光,从而为显示器带来了更好的对比度。由于有机材料更薄、更有弹性,因此OLED可用于曲面屏显示器、可折叠或可卷曲移动设备以及可穿戴设备。
OFET和OTFT
有机晶体管是高性能电子学领域柔性集成电路和显示器的基本结构单元。 晶体管可以开关电源。源极和漏极电极直接接触有机半导体。介电绝缘体将栅极电极与半导体隔离开来。当向栅极施加电压时,半导体的导电性增加或降低,从而允许或阻止电流在源极和漏极之间流动。从导体(用于电极)和半导体(用于活性通道材料)到绝缘体(用于栅极介电层),所有部件都可以由有机材料构成。薄膜晶体管是一种特殊的场效应晶体管,其中的半导体、电极和介电层以薄膜形式沉积在支撑衬底上。常见的电子学应用包括RFID标签或电子纸。
OPV
有机电子材料也可以用作供体和受体材料,将光转化为太阳能电池板中的电能。在OPV中,半导电有机材料的光活性层位于两个电极之间以产生光电流。由于供体吸收太阳光子流,供体材料必须有很宽的光吸收范围才能匹配太阳光谱。研究表明,用于钙钛矿太阳能电池的有机空穴传输材料(HTM)可以非常有效地改善电荷传输和太阳能捕获。
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