T7539
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α from mouse
TNF-α, recombinant, expressed in E. coli, powder, suitable for cell culture
Synonym(s):
mTNF-α, TNF-α
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About This Item
Recommended Products
biological source
mouse
Quality Level
recombinant
expressed in E. coli
Assay
≥95%
form
powder
potency
0.01-0.5 ng/mL EC50
mol wt
17 kDa
packaging
pkg of 10 μg
pkg of 50 μg
storage condition
avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles
technique(s)
cell culture | mammalian: suitable
impurities
≤1 EU/μg protein endotoxin
color
white
solubility
water: soluble
UniProt accession no.
storage temp.
−20°C
Gene Information
mouse ... Tnf(21926)
Application
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α from mouse, a potent proinflammatory cytokine has been used:
- to activate MS1 endothelium cells
- to induce lipolysis in adipocytes
- to study its effect on liganded and unliganded glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 gene regulation
Biochem/physiol Actions
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), also known as cachectin, is expressed as a 26 kDa membrane bound protein and is then cleaved by TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE) to release the soluble 17 kDa monomer, which forms homotrimers in circulation. TNF-α plays roles in antitumor activity, immune modulation, inflammation, anorexia, cachexia, septic shock, viral replication and hematopoiesis. TNF-α is expressed by a great variety of cells, with numerous inductive and suppressive agents. Primarily, TNF-α is produced by macrophages in response to immunological challenges such as bacteria (lipopolysaccharides), viruses, parasites, mitogens and other cytokines. TNF-α is cytotoxic for many transformed cells (its namesake activity) but in normal diploid cells, it can stimulate proliferation (fibroblasts), differentiation (myeloid cells) or activation (neutrophils). TNF-α also shows antiviral effects against both DNA and RNA viruses and it induces production of several other cytokines. Although TNF-α is used in clinical trials as an antitumor agent, Sigma′s cytokine, growth factor and hormone products are for research only. TNF-α and the related molecule TNF-β (LT-α) share close structural homology with 28% amino acid sequence identity and both activate the same TNF receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2. Mouse and human TNF-α share 79% amino acid sequence identity. Unlike human TNF-α, the mouse form is glycosylated.
Unit Definition
One unit is the amount required to induce half-maximal cytolysis of L929 cells.
Physical form
Lyophilized from 10 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.5
Signal Word
Warning
Hazard Statements
Precautionary Statements
Hazard Classifications
Eye Irrit. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2
Storage Class Code
11 - Combustible Solids
WGK
WGK 3
Flash Point(F)
Not applicable
Flash Point(C)
Not applicable
Personal Protective Equipment
dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves
Certificates of Analysis (COA)
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Relative contribution of adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase to tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ (TNF-$\alpha$)-induced lipolysis in adipocytes
Yang X, et al.
The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 286(47), 40477-40485 (2011)
SDF-1--CXCR4 differentially regulates autoimmune diabetogenic T cell adhesion through ROBO1--SLIT2 interactions in mice
Glawe JD, et al.
Diabetologia, 56(10), 2222-2230 (2013)
Glucocorticoid-independent repression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) $\alpha$-stimulated interleukin (IL)-6 expression by the glucocorticoid receptor a potential mechanism for protection against an excessive inflammatory response
Verhoog NJD, et al.
The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 286(22), 19297-19310 (2011)
Jing Deng et al.
Molecular and cellular biology, 24(23), 10161-10168 (2004-11-16)
Numerous stressful conditions activate kinases that phosphorylate the alpha subunit of translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2alpha), thus attenuating mRNA translation and activating a gene expression program known as the integrated stress response. It has been noted that conditions associated with
Matteo Cornaglia et al.
Analytical chemistry, 86(16), 8213-8223 (2014-07-30)
We describe the concept of magnetic particle-scanning for on-chip detection of biomolecules: a magnetic particle, carrying a low number of antigens (Ag's) (down to a single molecule), is transported by hydrodynamic forces and is subjected to successive stochastic reorientations in
Articles
Lipid Induced Insulin Resistance
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