15523

Glycérol

puriss., anhydrous, 99.0-101.0% (alkalimetric)

• Synonyme(s) : 1,2,3-propanetriol, Glycérine
• Formule linéaire : HOCH₂CH(OH)CH₂OH
• Numéro CAS: 56-81-5
• Poids moléculaire : 92.09
• Numéro Beilstein : 635685
• Numéro CE : 200-289-5
• Numéro MDL: MFCD00004722
• Code UNSPSC : 12352104
• ID de substance PubChem : 329750924
• Nomenclature NACRES : NA.21

Propriétés

• Densité de vapeur: 3.1 (vs air)
• Niveau de qualité: 200
• Pression de vapeur: <1 mmHg ( 20 °C)
• Qualité: puriss.; anhydrous, 99.0-101.0% (alkalimetric)
• Pureté: 99.0-101.0% (alkalimetric); 99.0-101.0% (calc. on H₂O free substance)
• Forme: viscous liquid
• Température d'inflammation spontanée: 698 °F
• Limite d'explosivité: 2.6-11.3 %
• Technique(s): IR spectroscopy: suitable; electrophoresis: suitable
• Impuretés: ≤1.0% water (Karl Fischer)
• Résidus de calcination: ≤0.01% (as SO₄)
• Indice de réfraction: n20/D 1.470-1.475; n20/D 1.474 (lit.)
• pH: 5.5-8
• Point d'ébullition: 182 °C/20 mmHg (lit.)
• Pf: 20 °C (lit.)
• Densité: 1.2580-1.2644 g/mL at 20 °C; ≥1.257 g/mL at 25 °C; 1.25 g/mL (lit.)
• Traces de cations: As: ≤1 mg/kg; Cd: ≤1 mg/kg; Hg: ≤1 mg/kg; Pb: ≤1 mg/kg
• Adéquation: complies for reaction against H₂SO₄; passes test for identity (IR)
• Température de stockage: 15-25°C
• Chaîne SMILES: OCC(O)CO
• InChI: 1S/C3H8O3/c4-1-3(6)2-5/h3-6H,1-2H2
• Clé InChI: PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Description

Description générale

Glycerol is odourless, colorless, viscous in nature, and exists as a sweet tasting liquid. It can be derived naturally as well as from petrochemical feedstock. Glycerol has a wide variety of applications, and is one of the most valuable and versatile chemical substances in nature. It can be used as an emollient, solvent, sweetening agent, in pharmaceutical formulations, cosmetics, foodstuffs and toiletries. It is very stable and can be easily stored under normal temperature; also it is non-irritating and has no adverse impact to the environment.

Actions biochimiques/physiologiques

Glycerol has been used as

• a supplement during cell culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium.
• a fuel during designing enzymatic biofuel cell.
• a liquid composite matrix with 4-HCCA and 3-amino­quinoline for analysis of neutral and acidic glycans.
• a matrix for fast atom bombardment MS.
• may be employed as liquid matrix for the quantification studies by MALDI (Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry) analysis.

Glycerol is hygroscopic in nature and is soluble in water owing to its three hydrophilic alcoholic hydroxyl groups. It can form both inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonds, making it a very flexible molecule. The physiologic effect of glycerine is due to cell-mediated immunity, increased IgG production and increased histamine release.

Informations sur la sécurité

• Code de la classe de stockage: 10 - Combustible liquids
• Classe de danger pour l'eau (WGK): WGK 1
• Point d'éclair (°F): 390.2 °F - Pensky-Martens closed cup
• Point d'éclair (°C): 199 °C - Pensky-Martens closed cup