30755

Acide perchlorique

puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., 70.0-72.0%

• Synonyme(s) : PCA
• Formule linéaire : HClO₄
• Numéro CAS: 7601-90-3
• Poids moléculaire : 100.46
• Numéro MDL: MFCD00011325
• Code UNSPSC : 12352106
• ID de substance PubChem : 329753578

Propriétés

• Qualité: ACS reagent; puriss. p.a.
• Agence: USP/NF; reag. ISO; reag. Ph. Eur.
• Essai: 70.0-72.0%
• Forme: liquid
• Impuretés: ≤0.00005% free chlorine (Cl); ≤0.0001% heavy metals (as Pb); ≤0.001% total nitrogen (N)
• Résidus de calcination: ≤0.003% (as SO₄)
• Densité: 1.670 g/cm³
• Traces d'anions: chlorate (ClO₃^-): ≤10 mg/kg; chloride (Cl^-): ≤3 mg/kg; phosphate, silicate (as SiO₂): ≤5 mg/kg; sulfate (SO₄^2-): ≤10 mg/kg
• Traces de cations: Ag: ≤0.1 mg/kg; Al: ≤0.05 mg/kg; As: ≤0.05 mg/kg; Ba: ≤0.02 mg/kg; Be: ≤0.02 mg/kg; Bi: ≤0.1 mg/kg; Ca: ≤0.5 mg/kg; Cd: ≤0.05 mg/kg; Co: ≤0.05 mg/kg; Cu: ≤0.1 mg/kg; Fe: ≤1 mg/kg; Ge: ≤0.05 mg/kg; K: ≤0.1 mg/kg; Li: ≤0.02 mg/kg; Mg: ≤0.5 mg/kg; Mn: ≤0.02 mg/kg; Mo: ≤0.05 mg/kg; Ni: ≤0.1 mg/kg; Pb: ≤0.05 mg/kg; Sr: ≤0.02 mg/kg; Ti: ≤0.1 mg/kg; Tl: ≤0.05 mg/kg; V: ≤0.05 mg/kg; Zn: ≤0.1 mg/kg; Zr: ≤0.1 mg/kg
• Chaîne SMILES: OCl(=O)(=O)=O
• InChI: 1S/ClHO4/c2-1(3,4)5/h(H,2,3,4,5)
• Clé InChI: VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Description

Description générale

Perchloric acid (HClO₄) is a strong mineral acid. It has powerful oxidizing and dehydrating properties when it is hot and concentrated. It is commercially available in a concentration of 70% (by weight) in water. Aqueous solution of HClO₄ is regarded as a super acid (stronger than sulfuric and nitric acids), but it is not necessarily a powerful oxidizer.

Application

Perchloric acid can be used:      

• In the synthesis of graphite oxide via electrochemical oxidation of natural graphite.      
• As a reaction medium in oxidations reactions.     
• As a dopant in the preparation of perchloric acid-functionalized polyaniline (HClO₄/PANI) catalyst for the synthesis of 2-substituted benzothiazoles by condensation reaction between o-aminothiophenol with aldehydes.

It can also be used in the following:      

• Silica-supported perchloric acid (HClO₄-SiO₂) is used as a catalyst to synthesize amidoalkyl naphthols by the condensation reaction of 2-naphthol, aromatic aldehydes, and acetonitrile.      
• HClO₄-SiO₂ is used in the Friedlander quinoline synthesis by the condensation reaction of 2-aminoaryl ketones and carbonyl compounds.      
• Alumina-supported perchloric acid (Al₂O₃-HClO₄) is used as a catalyst in the synthesis of α-(α-amidobenzyl)-β-naphthols.

Informations sur la sécurité

• Pictogrammes: GHS03,GHS08,GHS05,GHS07
• Mention d'avertissement: Danger
• Mentions de danger: H271,H290,H302,H314,H373
• Conseils de prudence: P210 - P280 - P301 + P312 - P303 + P361 + P353 - P305 + P351 + P338 - P314
• Classification des risques: Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Dam. 1 - Met. Corr. 1 - Ox. Liq. 1 - Skin Corr. 1A - STOT RE 2
• Organes cibles: Thyroid
• Code de la classe de stockage: 5.1A - Strongly oxidizing hazardous materials
• Classe de danger pour l'eau (WGK): WGK 1
• Point d'éclair (°F): Not applicable
• Point d'éclair (°C): Not applicable