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930903

Sigma-Aldrich

Lithium hydroxide monohydrate

greener alternative

battery grade, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

Synonyme(s) :

Lithine hydrate, Lithium hydroxide hydrate

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About This Item

Formule linéaire :
LiOH · H2O
Numéro CAS:
Poids moléculaire :
41.96
Numéro MDL:
Code UNSPSC :
12352305
Nomenclature NACRES :
NA.21

Niveau de qualité

Qualité

battery grade

Pureté

≥99.9% trace metals basis

Forme

powder

Caractéristiques du produit alternatif plus écologique

Design for Energy Efficiency
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Impuretés

≤1000 ppm (trace metals analysis)

Pf

423 °C

Solubilité

H2O: soluble ((lit.))
ethanol: slightly soluble ((lit.))
methanol: soluble ((lit.))

Traces d'anions

chloride (Cl-): ≤50 ppm
sulfate (SO42-): ≤50 ppm

Application(s)

battery manufacturing

Autre catégorie plus écologique

Chaîne SMILES 

[Li+].O.[OH-]

InChI

1S/Li.2H2O/h;2*1H2/q+1;;/p-1

Clé InChI

GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M

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Description générale

Lithium hydroxide monohydrate is a white-to-colorless, crystalline salt. The monohydrate is hygroscopic. It is soluble in water and generates heat when dissolving. It is also soluble in methanol, somewhat soluble in ethanol, but only sparingly soluble in isopropanol.
Lithium hydroxide is produced in several ways. Most commonly, lithium carbonate is reacted with calcium hydroxide in a metathesis reaction. This directly yields lithium hydroxide hydrate, which is separated from the insoluble calcium carbonate byproduct and purified. Alternatively, when the source of lithium is spodumene ore, the ore can be converted to lithium hydroxide without first forming the carbonate. In the process, the lithium ore is treated with high-temperatures and sulfuric acid to form lithium sulfate; then the lithium sulfate is reacted with sodium hydroxide to form lithium hydroxide hydrate, which is purified.
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Application

The primary application of battery-grade lithium hydroxide is in the synthesis and manufacturing of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. In particular, lithium hydroxide is the reagent of choice for making nickel-rich cathodes like nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide (NMC) and nickel-cobalt-aluminum oxide (NCA). For these materials, the nickel-rich precursors must be fired in oxygen at relatively low temperatures (~500 °C) in order to promote higher oxidation states of nickel while suppressing cation mixing. Lithium hydroxide, which melts at 462 °C, is preferred because it melts at these temperatures, yielding more complete reactions and superior crystallinity, than reactions using lithium carbonate. Lithium carbonate, which melts at 723 °C, is still a solid at these temperatures.
Our battery grade lithium hydroxide monohydrate is well-suited for synthesis of nickel-rich metal oxides, like lithium nickel-manganese-aluminum oxide (NMA) and complex quaternary transition metal oxides like Zr-doped or Ti-doped nickel-manganese oxide.
Our lithium hydroxide monohydrate can also be used to synthesize lithium iron phosphates like LiFePO4 or lithium manganese oxides like Li2Mn2O4.

Pictogrammes

CorrosionExclamation mark

Mention d'avertissement

Danger

Mentions de danger

Classification des risques

Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Dam. 1 - Skin Corr. 1B

Code de la classe de stockage

8A - Combustible corrosive hazardous materials

Classe de danger pour l'eau (WGK)

WGK 1

Point d'éclair (°F)

Not applicable

Point d'éclair (°C)

Not applicable


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Consulter la Bibliothèque de documents

Chemical and Magnetic Characterization of Spinel Materials in the LiMn2O4?Li2Mn4O9?Li4Mn5O12 System.
Masquelie C, et al.
Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 123, 255-266 (1996)
A perspective on single-crystal layered oxide cathodes for lithium-ion batteries.
Langdon J, et al.
Energy Storage Materials, 37, 143-160 (2021)
Designing principle for Ni-rich cathode materials with high energy density for practical applications.
Xia Y, et al.
Nano Energy, 49, 434-452 (2018)
Li Wang et al.
Nano letters, 12(11), 5632-5636 (2012-10-19)
We report the crystal orientation tuning of LiFePO(4) nanoplates for high rate lithium battery cathode materials. Olivine LiFePO(4) nanoplates can be easily prepared by glycol-based solvothermal process, and the largest crystallographic facet of the LiFePO(4) nanoplates, as well as so-caused
Electrochemical and Structural Properties of xLi2M`O3?(1?x)LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 Electrodes for Lithium Batteries (M` = Ti, Mn, Zr; 0 ? x ? 0.3).
Chemistry of Materials, 16, 1996-2006 (2004)

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