HPA011191
Anti-GDF15 antibody produced in rabbit
Prestige Antibodies® Powered by Atlas Antibodies, affinity isolated antibody, buffered aqueous glycerol solution
Synonym(s):
Anti-Growth/differentiation factor 15 precursor, Anti-MIC-1, Anti-Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1, Anti-NAG-1, Anti-NRG-1, Anti-NSAID-regulated protein 1, Anti-Placental TGF-β, Anti-Placental bone morphogenetic protein, Anti-Prostate differentiation factor
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About This Item
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biological source
rabbit
conjugate
unconjugated
antibody form
affinity isolated antibody
antibody product type
primary antibodies
clone
polyclonal
product line
Prestige Antibodies® Powered by Atlas Antibodies
form
buffered aqueous glycerol solution
species reactivity
human
enhanced validation
orthogonal RNAseq
RNAi knockdown
Learn more about Antibody Enhanced Validation
technique(s)
immunoblotting: 0.04-0.4 μg/mL
immunofluorescence: 0.25-2 μg/mL
immunohistochemistry: 1:50-1:200
immunogen sequence
LSLAEASRASFPGPSELHSEDSRFRELRKRYEDLLTRLRANQSWEDSNTDLVPAPAVRILTPEVRLGSGGHLHLRISRAALPEGLPEASRLHRALFRLSPTASRSWDVTRPLRRQLSLARPQAPALHLRLSPPPSQSDQL
UniProt accession no.
shipped in
wet ice
storage temp.
−20°C
target post-translational modification
unmodified
Gene Information
human ... GDF15(9518)
General description
GDF15 (growth differentiation factor 15) is a part of the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) superfamily. This gene resides in human chromosomal locus 19p12.1-13.1, and contains two exons. The pro-protein is a dimer containing a disulfide linkage which undergoes cleavage at RXXR sequence, by furin-like protease. The mature protein is a C-terminal dimer composed of 112 amino acids.
Immunogen
Growth/differentiation factor 15 precursor recombinant protein epitope signature tag (PrEST)
Application
All Prestige Antibodies Powered by Atlas Antibodies are developed and validated by the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) project and as a result, are supported by the most extensive characterization in the industry.
The Human Protein Atlas project can be subdivided into three efforts: Human Tissue Atlas, Cancer Atlas, and Human Cell Atlas. The antibodies that have been generated in support of the Tissue and Cancer Atlas projects have been tested by immunohistochemistry against hundreds of normal and disease tissues and through the recent efforts of the Human Cell Atlas project, many have been characterized by immunofluorescence to map the human proteome not only at the tissue level but now at the subcellular level. These images and the collection of this vast data set can be viewed on the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) site by clicking on the Image Gallery link. We also provide Prestige Antibodies® protocols and other useful information.
The Human Protein Atlas project can be subdivided into three efforts: Human Tissue Atlas, Cancer Atlas, and Human Cell Atlas. The antibodies that have been generated in support of the Tissue and Cancer Atlas projects have been tested by immunohistochemistry against hundreds of normal and disease tissues and through the recent efforts of the Human Cell Atlas project, many have been characterized by immunofluorescence to map the human proteome not only at the tissue level but now at the subcellular level. These images and the collection of this vast data set can be viewed on the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) site by clicking on the Image Gallery link. We also provide Prestige Antibodies® protocols and other useful information.
Anti-GDF15 antibody produced in rabbit, a Prestige Antibody, is developed and validated by the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) project . Each antibody is tested by immunohistochemistry against hundreds of normal and disease tissues. These images can be viewed on the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) site by clicking on the Image Gallery link. The antibodies are also tested using immunofluorescence and western blotting. To view these protocols and other useful information about Prestige Antibodies and the HPA, visit sigma.com/prestige.
Applications in which this antibody has been used successfully, and the associated peer-reviewed papers, are given below.
Immunoprecipitation (1 paper)
Western Blotting (1 paper)
Immunoprecipitation (1 paper)
Western Blotting (1 paper)
Biochem/physiol Actions
GDF15 (growth differentiation factor 15) is released in response to stress such as, inflammation, oxidative stress and hypoxia, from multiple tissues, such as heart and liver. Studies show that it is responsible for the down-regulation of microRNAs of muscles, leading to intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW) and related muscle atrophy. It also controls the developmental processes underlying embryogenesis, osteogenesis, and hematopoiesis. It also regulates adipose tissue function, cartilage and bone synthesis and immune response. It is involved in tissue injury and repair processes. It is up-regulated in melanoma, thyroid, breast, pancreatic, gastrointestinal, prostate and colorectal cancer. It is involved in tumorigenesis, and abnormal expression is related to poor prognosis in various cancers. It is a biomarker for multiple epithelial cancers such as, renal cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, ovary and colon. In glioblastomas, it acts as a tumor suppressor gene and induces apoptosis.
Features and Benefits
Prestige Antibodies® are highly characterized and extensively validated antibodies with the added benefit of all available characterization data for each target being accessible via the Human Protein Atlas portal linked just below the product name at the top of this page. The uniqueness and low cross-reactivity of the Prestige Antibodies® to other proteins are due to a thorough selection of antigen regions, affinity purification, and stringent selection. Prestige antigen controls are available for every corresponding Prestige Antibody and can be found in the linkage section.
Every Prestige Antibody is tested in the following ways:
Every Prestige Antibody is tested in the following ways:
- IHC tissue array of 44 normal human tissues and 20 of the most common cancer type tissues.
- Protein array of 364 human recombinant protein fragments.
Linkage
Corresponding Antigen APREST72494
Physical form
Solution in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.2, containing 40% glycerol and 0.02% sodium azide
Legal Information
Prestige Antibodies is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
Disclaimer
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
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Storage Class Code
10 - Combustible liquids
WGK
WGK 1
Flash Point(F)
Not applicable
Flash Point(C)
Not applicable
Personal Protective Equipment
dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves
Certificates of Analysis (COA)
Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.
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U Wallin et al.
British journal of cancer, 104(10), 1619-1627 (2011-04-07)
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) belongs to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily and has been associated with activation of the p53 pathway in human cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of GDF15 in
Naoki Urakawa et al.
Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology, 95(5), 491-503 (2015-03-03)
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are known to be involved in the progression, angiogenesis, and motility of various cancers. We previously reported the association between an increased number of infiltrating TAMs with tumor progression and poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas
Ali Dastranj Tabrizi et al.
International journal of gynecological pathology : official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Pathologists, 29(2), 99-107 (2010-02-23)
Primary ovarian mucinous carcinomas of the intestinal type are uncommon and earlier reports have included cases diagnosed according to older, less stringent, criteria (which would now be considered borderline tumors) and variable numbers of cases of metastatic adenocarcinoma. This study
Xiuying Liu et al.
PloS one, 10(5), e0127518-e0127518 (2015-05-23)
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver cirrhosis are associated with high mortality worldwide. Currently, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is used as a standard serum marker for the detection of HCC, but its sensitivity and specificity are unsatisfactory, and optimal diagnostic markers for cirrhosis
Tatsuki Uchiyama et al.
Cancer medicine, 4(10), 1558-1572 (2015-08-16)
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a pleiotropic cytokine that belongs to the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. Elevated serum concentrations of this cytokine have been reported in patients with various malignancies. To assess the potential roles of GDF15 in hematologic
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