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244112

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium(IV) butoxide

reagent grade, 97%

Synonym(s):

Orthotitanic acid tetrabutylester, TNBT, TYZOR® TBT organic titanate, Tetrabutyl orthotitanate, Tetrabutyl titanate

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About This Item

Linear Formula:
Ti(OCH2CH2CH2CH3)4
CAS Number:
5593-70-4
Molecular Weight:
340.32
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
4148236
EC Number:
227-006-8
MDL number:
MFCD00009433
UNSPSC Code:
12352103
PubChem Substance ID:
24854652
NACRES:
NA.23

grade

reagent grade

Quality Level

200

assay

97%

form

liquid (or viscous liquid)
liquid

reaction suitability

core: titanium
reagent type: catalyst

refractive index

n20/D 1.491 (lit.)

bp

206 °C/10 mmHg (lit.)

density

1.00 g/mL at 20 °C (lit.)

SMILES string

CCCCO[Ti](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC

InChI

1S/4C4H9O.Ti/c4*1-2-3-4-5;/h4*2-4H2,1H3;/q4*-1;+4

InChI key

YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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General description

Titanium(IV) butoxide is an organometallic compound, soluble in non-polar and moderately polar organic solvents. It is used as a precursor in the production of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thin films, which have applications in fields such as electronics, coatings, and photocatalysis. Titanium dioxide, synthesized from titanium(IV) butoxide, is utilized in solar cells, including perovskite solar cells, as well as in electron-emitting nano devices. Additionally, titanium dioxide plays a role in the fabrication of lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs), and electroluminescent devices.

Application

Titanium(IV) butoxide, can be used
  • As a catalyst in the transesterification of methyl methacrylate and synthesis of renewable polyesters from vanillin-based dimers.
  • To synthesize ferroelectric Bi4Ti3O12 thin films.
  • As a catalyst in the synthesis of aliphatic−aromatic copolyesters through polycondensation reactions.
Titanium(IV) butoxide, can be used as a precursor for synthesis of:
  • Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposite powders prepared via sol-gel synthesis used for photocatalytic degradation of pollutants.
  • TiO₂ nanoparticles (anatase and rutile) via polyol-mediated synthesis technique.
  • Titanium dioxide nanorods via hydrothermal method which are utilized as electron transport layers (ETLs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs)
  • TiO2 coatings enhance the stability and luminescent properties of Rb0.1Cs0.9PbBrI2 perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) for white-emitting diodes (WLEDs) and color conversion in display devices.

Used to prepare nanosized titania in the anatase form and ferroelectric Bi4Ti3O12 thin films. Used in the preparation of nanocrystalline TiO2 powders at room temperature.

Features and Benefits

  • TBO has a low viscosity, enables improved penetration and uniform coating on various substrates.
  • It exhibits good thermal stability, which is advantageous during high-temperature processing, allowing it to maintain its chemical integrity and performance under elevated temperatures.
  • It is soluble in anhydrous ethanol, ether, benzene and chloroform.

Legal Information

TYZOR is a registered trademark of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company

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Danger

Hazard Classifications

Eye Dam. 1 - Flam. Liq. 3 - Skin Irrit. 2 - STOT SE 3

target_organs

Central nervous system, Respiratory system

Storage Class

3 - Flammable liquids

wgk_germany

WGK 1

flash_point_f

107.6 °F - Pensky-Martens closed cup

flash_point_c

42 °C - Pensky-Martens closed cup

ppe

Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves, type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

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Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Lot/Batch Number
STBK6624
STBK4397
STBK2593
STBK0762
STBJ7783

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Anton S Poluboyarinov et al.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 12(9) (2019-05-10)
Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, monodisperse titanium oxide microspheres can be used in dye-sensitized solar cells, as cosmetic pigments, and for other applications. However, the synthesis of microspheres with narrow size distribution, desired phase composition, and porosity
Huaqiang Zhuang et al.
Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry, 16(7), 1352-1355 (2015-02-26)
Ternary core-shell heterostructured rutile@anatase@Crx Oy nanorod arrays were elaborately designed as photoanodes for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting under visible-light illumination. The four-fold enhanced and stabilized visible-light photocurrent highlights the unique role of the interim anatase layer in accelerating the interfacial
Jun-Bing Fan et al.
Chemical communications (Cambridge, England), 46(31), 5805-5807 (2010-07-01)
A low cost and environmentally benign process for tetrabutyl titanate-controlled ring-opening polymerization of epsilon-caprolactone at ambient temperature of 10-40 degrees C is introduced affording poly(epsilon-caprolactone) with pre-designed molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distribution.
S Anantharaj et al.
Biomacromolecules, 13(8), 2446-2455 (2012-06-21)
A new dual ester-urethane melt condensation methodology for biological monomers-amino acids was developed to synthesize new classes of thermoplastic polymers under eco-friendly and solvent-free polymerization approach. Naturally abundant L-amino acids were converted into dual functional ester-urethane monomers by tailor-made synthetic
Jun Lu et al.
Nature communications, 5, 5693-5693 (2014-12-17)
The capacity fade of lithium manganate-based cells is associated with the dissolution of Mn from cathode/electrolyte interface due to the disproportionation reaction of Mn(III), and the subsequent deposition of Mn(II) on the anode. Suppressing the dissolution of Mn from the
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Protocols

Preparation of Monodisperse Polymer Spheres

Monodisperse, surfactant-free polymer spheres for use as colloidal crystal templates can be easily obtained in reasonably large quantities. Typical synthesis methods for poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(styrene) (PS) by emulsifier free emulsion polymerization are described below and yield spheres several hundred nanometers in diameter.

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