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Brian A Parker et al.
International journal of molecular sciences, 19(8) (2018-08-04)
The clinical benefit of ketosis has historically and almost exclusively centered on neurological conditions, lending insight into how ketones alter mitochondrial function in neurons. However, there is a gap in our understanding of how ketones influence mitochondria within skeletal muscle
Yu Pang et al.
Nature structural & molecular biology, 26(4), 289-296 (2019-03-27)
Ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins can be covalently conjugated to multiple proteins that do not necessarily have binding interfaces. Here, we show that an evolutionary transition from covalent conjugation to non-covalent interaction has occurred in the ubiquitin-like autophagy-related 12 (ATG12) conjugation
Keigo Morita et al.
The Journal of cell biology, 217(11), 3817-3828 (2018-08-11)
Macroautophagy is an intracellular degradation process that requires multiple autophagy-related (ATG) genes. In this study, we performed a genome-wide screen using the autophagic flux reporter GFP-LC3-RFP and identified TMEM41B as a novel ATG gene. TMEM41B is a multispanning membrane protein
Aintzane García-Bea et al.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), 31(12), 1519-1526 (2017-06-29)
As well as being expressed as a full-length transcript, the group II metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (GRM3, mGlu3) gene is expressed as an mRNA isoform which lacks exon 4 (GRM3Δ4) and which is predicted to encode a protein with a
M Di Rienzo et al.
Science advances, 5(5), eaau8857-eaau8857 (2019-05-28)
Optimal autophagic activity is crucial to maintain muscle integrity, with either reduced or excessive levels leading to specific myopathies. LGMD2H is a muscle dystrophy caused by mutations in the ubiquitin ligase TRIM32, whose function in muscles remains not fully understood.
Maria Peiris-Pagès et al.
Oncotarget, 6(13), 10728-10745 (2015-04-29)
Cancer cells recruit normal cells such as fibroblasts to establish reactive microenvironments. Via metabolic stress, catabolism and inflammation, these cancer-associated fibroblasts set up a synergistic relationship with tumour cells, that contributes to their malignancy and resistance to therapy. Given that
Bart Kramer et al.
International journal of molecular sciences, 20(18) (2019-09-25)
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers due to a high chemoresistance and poor vascularization, which results in an ineffective systemic therapy. PDAC is characterized by a high intratumoral pressure, which is not captured by current
Alan Diot et al.
Pharmacological research, 100, 24-35 (2015-07-22)
Mitophagy is a cellular mechanism for the recycling of mitochondrial fragments. This process is able to improve mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) quality in heteroplasmic mtDNA disease, in which mutant mtDNA co-exists with normal mtDNA. In disorders where the load of mutant
Jane Gilmour et al.
Epigenetics & chromatin, 12(1), 33-33 (2019-06-06)
Both tissue-specific and ubiquitously expressed transcription factors, such as Sp-family members, are required for correct development. However, the molecular details of how ubiquitous factors are involved in programming tissue-specific chromatin and thus participate in developmental processes are still unclear. We
Dan N Simon et al.
Cells, 7(5) (2018-05-19)
The LMNA gene encodes lamins A and C with key roles in nuclear structure, signaling, gene regulation, and genome integrity. Mutations in LMNA cause over 12 diseases ('laminopathies'). Lamins A and C are identical for their first 566 residues. However
Hamza Ibrahim Isa et al.
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology, 164, 20-25 (2019-04-05)
Intoxication by Moraea pallida Bak. (yellow tulp) in livestock is of great importance in South Africa, ranking top among all plant-induced cardiac glycoside toxicosis. The toxic principle, a bufadienolide, is 1α, 2α-epoxyscillirosidine. Treatment of poisoning is challenging and affected livestock
Michael P Greenwood et al.
Molecular brain, 9, 1-1 (2016-01-08)
Rasd1 is a member of the Ras family of monomeric G proteins that was first identified as a dexamethasone inducible gene in the pituitary corticotroph cell line AtT20. Using microarrays we previously identified increased Rasd1 mRNA expression in the rat
Eleonora Mercatelli et al.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1863(2), 198-204 (2015-11-22)
The redox properties of cellular environments are critical to many functional processes, and are strictly controlled in all living organisms. The glutathione-glutathione disulfide (GSH-GSSG) couple is the most abundant intracellular redox couple. A GSH redox potential can be calculated for
S Martin et al.
Biochemical pharmacology, 93(3), 290-304 (2014-12-23)
Vemurafenib (PLX4032), an inhibitor of BRAF(V600E), has demonstrated significant clinical anti-melanoma effects. However, the majority of treated patients develop resistance, due to a variety of molecular mechanisms including MAPK reactivation through MEK. The induction of a cancer cell death modality
Andrew M Tidball et al.
Human molecular genetics, 24(7), 1929-1944 (2014-12-10)
The essential micronutrient manganese is enriched in brain, especially in the basal ganglia. We sought to identify neuronal signaling pathways responsive to neurologically relevant manganese levels, as previous data suggested that alterations in striatal manganese handling occur in Huntington's disease
Nadia Nabil Haj-Yasein et al.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1862(6), 623-635 (2017-02-22)
Plasma cysteine is strongly associated with body fat mass in human cohorts and diets low in cysteine prevents fat accumulation in mice. It is unclear if plasma cysteine affects fat development or if fat accumulation raises plasma cysteine. To determine
Veena Padmanaban et al.
Nature, 573(7774), 439-444 (2019-09-06)
Metastasis is the major driver of death in patients with cancer. Invasion of surrounding tissues and metastasis have been proposed to initiate following loss of the intercellular adhesion protein, E-cadherin1,2, on the basis of inverse correlations between in vitro migration
Kevin Moreau et al.
Nature communications, 6, 8045-8045 (2015-08-21)
Autophagy is an important degradation pathway, which is induced after starvation, where it buffers nutrient deprivation by recycling macromolecules in organisms from yeast to man. While the classical pathway mediating this response is via mTOR inhibition, there are likely to
Stephanie M Kim et al.
Neuroendocrinology, 107(4), 387-399 (2018-10-24)
Elevated levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA) induce a state of neuroinflammation in the hypothalamus. It has been suggested that microglia sense palmitate, a prevalent circulating SFA, and act as mediators of this inflammatory process by communicating with neurons, particularly
Tobias H Dovmark et al.
FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 32(1), 83-96 (2017-09-09)
ATP fuels the removal of metabolic end-products, including H
Geraldine M Flaujac Lafontaine et al.
Nutrients, 12(5) (2020-05-06)
Prebiotic oligosaccharides are widely used as human and animal feed additives for their beneficial effects on the gut microbiota. However, there are limited data to assess the direct effect of such functional foods on the transcriptome of intestinal epithelial cells.
Ratnasekhar Ch et al.
Nature communications, 12(1), 377-377 (2021-01-17)
Circadian clocks coordinate mammalian behavior and physiology enabling organisms to anticipate 24-hour cycles. Transcription-translation feedback loops are thought to drive these clocks in most of mammalian cells. However, red blood cells (RBCs), which do not contain a nucleus, and cannot
Souvik Ghosh et al.
BMC genomics, 22(1), 238-238 (2021-04-08)
The behavior of cells in vivo is complex and highly dynamic, as it results from an interplay between intercellular matrix proteins with surface receptors and other microenvironmental cues. Although the effects of the cellular niche have been investigated for a
Leonard Koolman et al.
International journal of food microbiology, 220, 33-38 (2016-01-17)
Studies were undertaken to investigate the effect of oxidative stress conditions (exposure to hydrogen peroxide, H2O2) on [1] the expression of 14 Campylobacter jejuni virulence-associated genes associated with motility and/or invasion (flaA, flaB, flhA, flhB, ciaB, iamA), adhesion (cadF), cytotoxin
A Markey et al.
Journal of peptide science : an official publication of the European Peptide Society, 23(2), 148-154 (2016-12-19)
Peptide-based hydrogels have attracted significant interest in recent years as these soft, highly hydrated materials can be engineered to mimic the cell niche with significant potential applications in the biomedical field. Their potential use in vivo in particular is dependent
Ilkka Paatero et al.
Bio-protocol, 8(18), e3027-e3027 (2018-09-20)
Xenograft models, and in particular the mouse xenograft model, where human cancer cells are transplanted into immunocompromised mice, have been used extensively in cancer studies. Although these models have contributed enormously to our understanding of cancer biology, the zebrafish xenograft
Gloria María Pontes-Quero et al.
Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications, 121, 111793-111793 (2021-02-14)
Oxidative stress and inflammation are two related processes common to many diseases. Curcumin is a natural compound with both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, among others, that is recently being used as a natural occurring product alternative to traditional drugs. However
Shangze Gao et al.
iScience, 23(6), 101180-101180 (2020-06-05)
High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein has been postulated to play a pathogenic role in severe sepsis. Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG), a 75 kDa plasma protein, was demonstrated to improve the survival rate of septic mice through the regulation of neutrophils and endothelium
Paul de Saram et al.
Journal of cell science, 130(19), 3360-3373 (2017-08-05)
The centrosome and cilium are organelles with important roles in microtubule organisation, cell division, cell signalling, embryogenesis and tissue homeostasis. The two organelles are mutually exclusive. The centriole/basal body is found at the core of the centrosome (centriole) or at
Juan Zhou et al.
Journal of medicinal chemistry, 63(17), 9340-9359 (2020-08-14)
The phospholipase A and acyltransferase (PLAAT) family of cysteine hydrolases consists of five members, which are involved in the Ca2+-independent production of N-acylphosphatidylethanolamines (NAPEs). NAPEs are lipid precursors for bioactive N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) that are involved in various physiological processes such
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