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Bio-palladium: from metal recovery to catalytic applications.

Bio-palladium: from metal recovery to catalytic applications.

Microbial biotechnology (2011-05-11)

Simon De Corte, Tom Hennebel, Bart De Gusseme, Willy Verstraete, Nico Boon

摘要

While precious metals are available to a very limited extent, there is an increasing demand to use them as catalyst. This is also true for palladium (Pd) catalysts and their sustainable recycling and production are required. Since Pd catalysts exist nowadays mostly under the form of nanoparticles, these particles need to be produced in an environment-friendly way. Biological synthesis of Pd nanoparticles ('bio-Pd') is an innovative method for both metal recovery and nanocatalyst synthesis. This review will discuss the different bio-Pd precipitating microorganisms, the applications of the catalyst (both for environmental purposes and in organic chemistry) and the state of the art of the reactors based on the bio-Pd concept. In addition, some main challenges are discussed, which need to be overcome in order to create a sustainable nanocatalyst. Finally, some outlooks for bio-Pd in environmental technology are presented.

材料

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Sigma-Aldrich

钯, powder, 99.995% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钯, powder, <1 μm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钯, nanopowder, <25 nm particle size (TEM), ≥99.5%

Sigma-Aldrich

钯, powder or granules, 99.99% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钯, foil, thickness 0.025 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钯, sponge, 99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钯, powder, <75 μm, 99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钯, wire, diam. 0.5 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钯, foil, thickness 1.0 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钯, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钯, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, 99.98% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钯, foil, thickness 0.5 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钯, evaporation slug, diam. × L 0.6 cm × 0.6 cm, 99.95% trace metals basis

钯, rod, 50mm, diameter 4.0mm, 99.95%

钯, tube, 50mm, outside diameter 1.0mm, inside diameter 0.8mm, wall thickness 0.1mm, as drawn, 99.95%

钯, rod, 100mm, diameter 2.0mm, 99.95%

钯, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.50mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

钯, rod, 10mm, diameter 6.0mm, 99.95%

钯, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 2.0mm, inside diameter 1.6mm, wall thickness 0.2mm, as drawn, 99.95%

钯, rod, 50mm, diameter 2.0mm, 99.95%

钯, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.05mm, as drawn, 99.9%

钯, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

钯, wire reel, 0.05m, diameter 1.0mm, hard, 99.95%

钯, wire reel, 0.2m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

钯, wire reel, 0.5m, diameter 0.25mm, hard, 99.95%

钯, microfoil, disks, 25mm, thinness 0.25μm, specific density 303.4μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.99%

钯, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

钯, foil, 0.1m coil, thickness 0.1mm, coil width 2mm, as rolled, 99.95%

钯, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.95%

钯, rod, 25mm, diameter 6.0mm, 99.95%