Mild respiratory COVID can cause multi-lineage neural cell and myelin dysregulation.

Mild respiratory COVID can cause multi-lineage neural cell and myelin dysregulation.

Cell (2022-06-30)

Anthony Fernández-Castañeda, Peiwen Lu, Anna C Geraghty, Eric Song, Myoung-Hwa Lee, Jamie Wood, Michael R O'Dea, Selena Dutton, Kiarash Shamardani, Kamsi Nwangwu, Rebecca Mancusi, Belgin Yalçın, Kathryn R Taylor, Lehi Acosta-Alvarez, Karen Malacon, Michael B Keough, Lijun Ni, Pamelyn J Woo, Daniel Contreras-Esquivel, Angus Martin Shaw Toland, Jeff R Gehlhausen, Jon Klein, Takehiro Takahashi, Julio Silva, Benjamin Israelow, Carolina Lucas, Tianyang Mao, Mario A Peña-Hernández, Alexandra Tabachnikova, Robert J Homer, Laura Tabacof, Jenna Tosto-Mancuso, Erica Breyman, Amy Kontorovich, Dayna McCarthy, Martha Quezado, Hannes Vogel, Marco M Hefti, Daniel P Perl, Shane Liddelow, Rebecca Folkerth, David Putrino, Avindra Nath, Akiko Iwasaki, Michelle Monje

PMID35768006

摘要

COVID survivors frequently experience lingering neurological symptoms that resemble cancer-therapy-related cognitive impairment, a syndrome for which white matter microglial reactivity and consequent neural dysregulation is central. Here, we explored the neurobiological effects of respiratory SARS-CoV-2 infection and found white-matter-selective microglial reactivity in mice and humans. Following mild respiratory COVID in mice, persistently impaired hippocampal neurogenesis, decreased oligodendrocytes, and myelin loss were evident together with elevated CSF cytokines/chemokines including CCL11. Systemic CCL11 administration specifically caused hippocampal microglial reactivity and impaired neurogenesis. Concordantly, humans with lasting cognitive symptoms post-COVID exhibit elevated CCL11 levels. Compared with SARS-CoV-2, mild respiratory influenza in mice caused similar patterns of white-matter-selective microglial reactivity, oligodendrocyte loss, impaired neurogenesis, and elevated CCL11 at early time points, but after influenza, only elevated CCL11 and hippocampal pathology persisted. These findings illustrate similar neuropathophysiology after cancer therapy and respiratory SARS-CoV-2 infection which may contribute to cognitive impairment following even mild COVID.