Skip to Content
Merck
  • Zebularine inhibits the growth of A549 lung cancer cells via cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

Zebularine inhibits the growth of A549 lung cancer cells via cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

Molecular carcinogenesis (2013-05-11)
Bo Ra You, Woo Hyun Park
ABSTRACT

Zebularine (Zeb) is a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor to that has an anti-tumor effect. Here, we evaluated the anti-growth effect of Zeb on A549 lung cancer cells in relation to reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Zeb inhibited the growth of A549 cells with an IC50 of approximately 70 µM at 72 h. Cell cycle analysis indicated that Zeb induced an S phase arrest in A549 cells. Zeb also induced A549 cell death, which was accompanied by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP; ΔΨm ), Bcl-2 decrease, Bax increase, p53 increase and activation of caspase-3 and -8. In contrast, Zeb mildly inhibited the growth of human pulmonary fibroblast (HPF) normal cells and lead to a G1 phase arrest. Zeb did not induce apoptosis in HPF cells. In relation to ROS level, Zeb increased ROS level in A549 cells and induced glutathione (GSH) depletion. The well-known antioxidant, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) prevented the death of Zeb-treated A549 cells. Moreover, Zeb increased the level of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) in A549 cells. While the overexpression of TrxR1 attenuated death and ROS level in Zeb-treated A549 cells, the downregulation of TrxR1 intensified death and ROS level in these cells. In conclusion, Zeb inhibited the growth of A549 lung cancer cells via cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The inhibition was influenced by ROS and TrxR1 levels.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich
MISSION® esiRNA, targeting human TXNRD1
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Dihydroethidium, ≥95%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Dihydroethidium, BioReagent, suitable for fluorescence, ≥95% (HPCE)
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Rhodamine 123, mitochondrial specific fluorescent dye
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Rhodamine 123, BioReagent, for fluorescence, ≥85% (HPLC)
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
8-Octanoyloxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid trisodium salt, suitable for fluorescence, ≥90% (HPCE)
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
MISSION® esiRNA, targeting mouse Txnrd1
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide, PCR Reagent
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, ≥99.9% (GC)
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Supelco
Dimethyl sulfoxide, for inorganic trace analysis, ≥99.99995% (metals basis)
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide, suitable for HPLC, ≥99.7%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide, puriss. p.a., dried, ≤0.02% water
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide, ReagentPlus®, ≥99.5%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Dimethyl sulfoxide, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide, ≥99.5% (GC), suitable for plant cell culture
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide, BioUltra, for molecular biology, ≥99.5% (GC)
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide, anhydrous, ≥99.9%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide solution, 50 wt. % in H2O
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide, for molecular biology
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
USP
Dimethyl sulfoxide, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide, sterile-filtered, BioPerformance Certified, meets EP, USP testing specifications, suitable for hybridoma
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide, meets EP testing specifications, meets USP testing specifications
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Supelco
Dimethyl sulfoxide, analytical standard
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide, Vetec, reagent grade, 99%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide, ACS reagent, ≥99.9%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Dimethyl sulfoxide, Hybri-Max, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for hybridoma, ≥99.7%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity