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HomeSmall Molecule HPLCAnalysis of Lactose in Milk by HPLC-RI using Chromolith® NH2 Column

Analysis of Lactose in Milk by HPLC-RI using Chromolith® NH2 Column

INTRODUCTION

Lactose also referred to as milk sugar (Figure 1) is the principal dietary disaccharide component found in milk. The analysis of Lactose in milk is important as it contributes to the sensory and functional properties of milk (1). A considerable number of methods have been developed for the determination of carbohydrates in milk, including older and less sensitive ones, such as gravimetric, polarimetric, enzymatic, or spectrophotometric analysis. Further, the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) Method 984.15 utilizes enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose to glucose and galactose at pH 6.6 by β-galactosidase (2). This method is time-consuming and demands extensive reagent preparations.

HPLC is the most popular method of choice to analyze a diverse group of compounds because of its simplicity, speed, and accuracy. Furthermore, the monolithic silica technology of Chromolith® columns enable reliable results with extended column lifetime and reduced need for sample preparation for matrix-rich samples due to its high matrix tolerance. Hence, we demonstrate an application for the determination of Lactose in milk by HPLC-RI using Chromolith® NH2 column for system suitability, linearity, repeatability, percentage recovery, LOD, and LOQ.

Image showing the chemical structure of lactose

Figure 1.Chemical Structure of Lactose

EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF LACTOSE

CHROMATOGRAPHIC DATA OF LACTOSE ANALYSIS IN MILK

Chromatograms showing peaks obtained for the analysis of Lactose on Chromolith® NH2 column

Figure 2.Chromatograms of a) Lactose reference STD solution; b) Lactose in the Cow milk sample

Table 1.System Suitability Data of STD Lactose, 5000 µg/mL
Table 2.Repeatability of STD Lactose, 5000 µg/mL
Table 3.Linearity of STD Lactose
Linearity plot obtained for analysis of lactose on Chromolith® NH2 column

Figure 3.Linearity plot of Lactose reference standard

Table 4.Percentage recovery of Lactose in Milk

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

An isocratic HPLC-RI method for the determination of Lactose in milk was developed using Chromolith® NH2 column. The experimental data indicated excellent linearity with an r2 value of 0.9989 (Figure 3) for the selected concentration range (50– 7500 µg/mL, Table 3). The LOD and LOQ values were estimated as 325 µg/mL and 987 µg/mL, respectively. The method precision for the assay was below 1% RSD and the percentage recovery was found to be ranging from 99 -99.3% (Table 4).

In conclusion, the data for linearity, system suitability, and repeatability of the method suggest its aptness for the assay of Lactose in milk using Chromolith® NH2 column.

Materials
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References

1.
Magan JB, O?Callaghan TF, Kelly AL, McCarthy NA. 2021. Compositional and functional properties of milk and dairy products derived from cows fed pasture or concentrate-based diets. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 20(3):2769-2800. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12751
2.
Official Method 984.15. Lactose in Milk. Enzymatic Method. In Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International; AOAC: Washington, DC, USA, 2005.
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