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Shielding of a lipooligosaccharide IgM epitope allows evasion of neutrophil-mediated killing of an invasive strain of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae.

Jeroen D Langereis et al.

mBio, 5(4), e01478-e01414 (2014-07-24)

Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is a frequent cause of noninvasive mucosal inflammatory diseases but may also cause invasive diseases, such as sepsis and meningitis, especially in children and the elderly. Infection by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is characterized by recruitment of neutrophilic

Apocrine secretion in Drosophila salivary glands: subcellular origin, dynamics, and identification of secretory proteins.

Robert Farkaš et al.

PloS one, 9(4), e94383-e94383 (2014-04-16)

In contrast to the well defined mechanism of merocrine exocytosis, the mechanism of apocrine secretion, which was first described over 180 years ago, remains relatively uncharacterized. We identified apocrine secretory activity in the late prepupal salivary glands of Drosophila melanogaster

DJ-1 interacts with and regulates paraoxonase-2, an enzyme critical for neuronal survival in response to oxidative stress.

Mohammad Parsanejad et al.

PloS one, 9(9), e106601-e106601 (2014-09-12)

Loss-of-function mutations in DJ-1 (PARK7) gene account for about 1% of all familial Parkinson's disease (PD). While its physiological function(s) are not completely clear, DJ-1 protects neurons against oxidative stress in both in vitro and in vivo models of PD.

Role of calpain-1 in the early phase of experimental ALS.

R Stifanese et al.

Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 562, 1-8 (2014-08-26)

Elevation in [Ca(2+)]i and activation of calpain-1 occur in central nervous system of SOD1(G93A) transgenic mice model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but few data are available about the early stage of ALS. We here investigated the level of activation

In vitro culture of Parascaris equorum larvae and initial investigation of parasite excretory-secretory products.

Steffanie V Burk et al.

Parasitology research, 113(11), 4217-4224 (2014-09-12)

Currently, diagnosis of Parascaris equorum infection in equids is limited to patent infections. The goals of this study were to culture P. equorum larvae in vitro and identify excretory-secretory (ES) products for prepatent diagnostic testing. Parascaris equorum L2/L3 larvae were

Neonatal ghrelin programs development of hypothalamic feeding circuits.

Sophie M Steculorum et al.

The Journal of clinical investigation, 125(2), 846-858 (2015-01-22)

A complex neural network regulates body weight and energy balance, and dysfunction in the communication between the gut and this neural network is associated with metabolic diseases, such as obesity. The stomach-derived hormone ghrelin stimulates appetite through interactions with neurons

Differential regulation of the calpain-calpastatin complex by the L-domain of calpastatin.

Roberta De Tullio et al.

Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1843(11), 2583-2591 (2014-07-16)

Here we demonstrate that the presence of the L-domain in calpastatins induces biphasic interaction with calpain. Competition experiments revealed that the L-domain is involved in positioning the first inhibitory unit in close and correct proximity to the calpain active site

ADAM17 regulates IL-1 signaling by selectively releasing IL-1 receptor type 2 from the cell surface.

Shinichi Uchikawa et al.

Cytokine, 71(2), 238-245 (2014-12-03)

Interleukin (IL)-1 is one of the most evolutionarily conserved cytokines and plays an essential role in the regulation of innate immunity. IL-1 binds to two different receptors, IL-1R1 and IL-1R2, which share approximately 28% amino acid homology. IL-1R1 contains a

Protective effect of Ferula gummosa hydroalcoholic extract against nitric oxide deficiency-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in rats renal tissues.

Seyed Jafar Moosavi et al.

Clinical and experimental hypertension (New York, N.Y. : 1993), 37(2), 136-141 (2014-05-03)

Nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibition increases hypertension and causes renal injury. Ferula gummosa is used in Iranian traditional medicine for treatment of several diseases and has been reported to exert a potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant action. The aim of this

Reduced parasite motility and micronemal protein secretion by a p38 MAPK inhibitor leads to a severe impairment of cell invasion by the apicomplexan parasite Eimeria tenella.

Françoise I Bussière et al.

PloS one, 10(2), e0116509-e0116509 (2015-02-18)

E. tenella infection is associated with a severe intestinal disease leading to high economic losses in poultry industry. Mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are implicated in early response to infection and are divided in three pathways: p38, extracellular signal-regulated protein

Molecular identification of a SNAP-25-like SNARE protein in Paramecium.

Christina Schilde et al.

Eukaryotic cell, 7(8), 1387-1402 (2008-06-17)

Using database searches of the completed Paramecium tetraurelia macronuclear genome with the metazoan SNAP-25 homologues, we identified a single 21-kDa Qb/c-SNARE in this ciliated protozoan, named P. tetraurelia SNAP (PtSNAP), containing the characteristic dual heptad repeat SNARE motifs of SNAP-25.

Hook proteins: association with Alzheimer pathology and regulatory role of hook3 in amyloid beta generation.

Lydia Herrmann et al.

PloS one, 10(3), e0119423-e0119423 (2015-03-24)

Defects in intracellular transport are implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hook proteins are a family of cytoplasmic linker proteins that participate in endosomal transport. In this study we show that Hook1 and Hook3 are expressed in neurons

Determination of native oligomeric state and substrate specificity of rat NTPDase1 and NTPDase2 after heterologous expression in Xenopus oocytes

Failer UB, et al.

European Journal of Biochemistry, 270(8), 1802-1809 (2003)

BCR-ABL affects STAT5A and STAT5B differentially.

Michael Schaller-Schönitz et al.

PloS one, 9(5), e97243-e97243 (2014-05-20)

Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) are latent cytoplasmic transcription factors linking extracellular signals to target gene transcription. Hematopoietic cells express two highly conserved STAT5-isoforms (STAT5A/STAT5B), and STAT5 is directly activated by JAK2 downstream of several cytokine receptors and

Transformation of NIH3T3 mouse fibroblast cells by MUC16 mucin (CA125) is driven by its cytoplasmic tail.

Panagiota Giannakouros et al.

International journal of oncology, 46(1), 91-98 (2014-10-24)

MUC16 (CA125) is a transmembrane mucin that contributes to the progression of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Expression of MUC16 is not detectable in the epithelial surface of normal ovaries. MUC16 expression is, however, common in serous EOC as well as

Pleiotrophin-induced endothelial cell migration is regulated by xanthine oxidase-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species.

Sotiria Tsirmoula et al.

Microvascular research, 98, 74-81 (2015-01-15)

Pleiotrophin (PTN) is a heparin-binding growth factor that induces cell migration through binding to its receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase beta/zeta (RPTPβ/ζ) and integrin alpha v beta 3 (ανβ3). In the present work, we studied the effect of PTN on the

Detailed characterization of a long-term rodent model of critical illness and recovery.

Neil E Hill et al.

Critical care medicine, 43(3), e84-e96 (2015-02-24)

To characterize a long-term model of recovery from critical illness, with particular emphasis on cardiorespiratory, metabolic, and muscle function. Randomized controlled animal study. University research laboratory. Male Wistar rats. Intraperitoneal injection of the fungal cell wall constituent, zymosan or n-saline.

Constitutive and ligand-induced EGFR signalling triggers distinct and mutually exclusive downstream signalling networks.

Sharmistha Chakraborty et al.

Nature communications, 5, 5811-5811 (2014-12-17)

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression plays an important oncogenic role in cancer. Regular EGFR protein levels are increased in cancer cells and the receptor then becomes constitutively active. However, downstream signals generated by constitutively activated EGFR are unknown. Here

Markwardt, F., et al.

Thrombosis Research, 2, 343-343 (1973)

Circulating acylghrelin levels are suppressed by insulin and increase in response to hypoglycemia in healthy adult volunteers.

Esben S Lauritzen et al.

European journal of endocrinology, 172(4), 357-362 (2015-01-21)

Ghrelin has glucoregulatory and orexigenic actions, but its role in acute hypoglycemia remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate circulating levels of acylghrelin (AG) and unacylated ghrelin (UAG) in response to hyperinsulinemia and to hypoglycemia. A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study

Pot1a prevents telomere dysfunction and ATM-dependent neuronal loss.

Youngsoo Lee et al.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 34(23), 7836-7844 (2014-06-06)

Genome stability is essential for neural development and the prevention of neurological disease. Here we determined how DNA damage signaling from dysfunctional telomeres affects neurogenesis. We found that telomere uncapping by Pot1a inactivation resulted in an Atm-dependent loss of cerebellar

Involvement of the Cdc42 pathway in CFTR post-translational turnover and in its plasma membrane stability in airway epithelial cells.

Romain Ferru-Clément et al.

PloS one, 10(3), e0118943-e0118943 (2015-03-15)

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a chloride channel that is expressed on the apical plasma membrane (PM) of epithelial cells. The most common deleterious allele encodes a trafficking-defective mutant protein undergoing endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) and presenting lower

The cytoprotective effects of endogenous activated protein C reduce activation of coagulation during murine pneumococcal pneumonia and sepsis.

Marcel Schouten et al.

Thrombosis research, 135(3), 537-543 (2015-01-15)

Streptococcus (S.) pneumoniae is the most common causative pathogen in community-acquired pneumonia and sepsis. Activated protein C (APC) has been implicated as an important anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory mediator. We here sought to determine the role of the anticoagulant and cytoprotective

PKA reduces the rat and human KCa3.1 current, CaM binding, and Ca2+ signaling, which requires Ser332/334 in the CaM-binding C terminus.

Raymond Wong et al.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 34(40), 13371-13383 (2014-10-03)

The Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) channel, KCa3.1 (KCNN4/IK/SK4), is widely expressed and contributes to cell functions that include volume regulation, migration, membrane potential, and excitability. KCa3.1 is now considered a therapeutic target for several diseases, including CNS disorders involving microglial activation; thus

Paclitaxel-induced hyperalgesia modulates negative affective component of pain and NR1 receptor expression in the frontal cortex in rats.

Kazuko Noda et al.

Neuroscience research, 80, 32-37 (2014-01-21)

Paclitaxel, one of the chemotherapeutic agents clinically used to treat several types of cancer, produces side effects such as peripheral neuropathy, sensory abnormalities, and hyperalgesia. Since hyperalgesia remains after cessation of paclitaxel therapy and becomes chronic, we hypothesize that alteration

Helicobacter pylori protects oncogenically transformed cells from reactive oxygen species-mediated intercellular induction of apoptosis.

Georg Bauer et al.

Carcinogenesis, 35(7), 1582-1591 (2014-03-26)

Malignant transformation of gastric epithelial cells by chronic Helicobacter pylori infection is caused by several mechanisms including attraction of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing neutrophils and cytotoxin-associated antigen A-mediated dysplastic alterations. Here we show that H.pylori protects transformed cells from ROS-mediated

ABC Transporters Required for Hexose Uptake by Clostridium phytofermentans.

Tristan Cerisy et al.

Journal of bacteriology, 201(15) (2019-05-22)

The mechanisms by which bacteria uptake solutes across the cell membrane broadly impact their cellular energetics. Here, we use functional genomic, genetic, and biophysical approaches to reveal how Clostridium (Lachnoclostridium) phytofermentans, a model bacterium that ferments lignocellulosic biomass, uptakes plant

Involvement of dopamine signaling in the circadian modulation of interval timing.

Ivana L Bussi et al.

The European journal of neuroscience, 40(1), 2299-2310 (2014-04-03)

Duration discrimination within the seconds-to-minutes range, known as interval timing, involves the interaction of cortico-striatal circuits via dopaminergic-glutamatergic pathways. Besides interval timing, most (if not all) organisms exhibit circadian rhythms in physiological, metabolic and behavioral functions with periods close to

[Studies of the effect of effectors on proteinases from rat liver lysosomes in vitro].

Z B Salama

Acta biologica et medica Germanica, 39(4), 355-366 (1980-01-01)

New test systems using azocasein or double-labelled cytosol proteins from rat livers were developed to test the influence of a lot of possible effectors on lysosomal proteinases from rat liver. All as yet tested inhibitors of serine proteinases did not

Polynomial algebra reveals diverging roles of the unfolded protein response in endothelial cells during ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Sylvain Le Pape et al.

FEBS letters, 588(17), 3062-3067 (2014-06-20)

The unfolded protein response (UPR)--the endoplasmic reticulum stress response--is found in various pathologies including ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). However, its role during IRI is still unclear. Here, by combining two different bioinformatical methods--a method based on ordinary differential equations (Time Series

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