Chiral Phosphoric Acids: Versatile Organocatalysts with Expanding Applications

Introduction
Advantages
Representative Applications
Product Information

Introduction

We are proud to offer a suite of BINOL-derived chiral phosphoric acids in our collection of products for asymmetric catalysis. This well established class of chiral Brønsted acid catalysts has been applied to an ever-increasing number of useful transformations.

Advantages

• Alternative to metal catalysts and chiral auxiliaries
• Both enantiomers of catalyst are available
• Relatively low catalyst loading (often 1-5 mol %)
• High selectivity at non-cryogenic reaction temperatures (-30 to 23 °C)

Representative Applications

Reductive Amination
One of the earliest demonstrations of chiral phosphoric acid catalysis is the metal-free reduction of imines with an organic reductant (Hantzsch ester) to give enantioenriched amines.¹

Allylation
The enantioselective allylation of aldehydes can be accomplished under very mild conditions at non-cryogenic temperature (-30 °C).²

Friedel-Crafts Alkylation
Functionalized indoles^3,4 and pyrroles⁵ can be accessed in enantioenriched form by asymmetric alkylation.

Product Information

View the complete Chiral Phosphoric Acids product portfolio.

References

1. Rueping M, Sugiono E, Azap C, Theissmann T, Bolte M. 2005. Enantioselective Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation:? Organocatalytic Reduction of Imines. Org. Lett.. 7(17):3781-3783. https://doi.org/10.1021/ol0515964

2. Hoffmann S, Seayad AM, List B. 2005. A Powerful Brønsted Acid Catalyst for the Organocatalytic Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Imines. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.. 44(45):7424-7427. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200503062

3. Storer RI, Carrera DE, Ni Y, MacMillan DWC. 2006. Enantioselective Organocatalytic Reductive Amination. J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 128(1):84-86. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja057222n

4. Jain P, Antilla JC. 2010. Chiral Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Allylboration of Aldehydes. J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 132(34):11884-11886. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja104956s

5. Terada M, Sorimachi K. 2007. Enantioselective Friedel?Crafts Reaction of Electron-Rich Alkenes Catalyzed by Chiral Brønsted Acid. J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 129(2):292-293. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0678166

6. Itoh J, Fuchibe K, Akiyama T. 2008. Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Enantioselective Friedel–Crafts Alkylation of Indoles with Nitroalkenes: Cooperative Effect of 3 Å Molecular Sieves. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.. 47(21):4016-4018. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200800770

7. He Y, Lin M, Li Z, Liang X, Li G, Antilla JC. 2011. Direct Synthesis of Chiral 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines via a Catalytic Asymmetric Intramolecular Aza-Friedel?Crafts Reaction. Org. Lett.. 13(17):4490-4493. https://doi.org/10.1021/ol2018328