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  • How aluminum, an intracellular ROS generator promotes hepatic and neurological diseases: the metabolic tale.

How aluminum, an intracellular ROS generator promotes hepatic and neurological diseases: the metabolic tale.

Cell biology and toxicology (2013-03-07)
Sungwon Han, Joseph Lemire, Varun P Appanna, Christopher Auger, Zachary Castonguay, Vasu D Appanna
ABSTRACT

Metal pollutants are a global health risk due to their ability to contribute to a variety of diseases. Aluminum (Al), a ubiquitous environmental contaminant is implicated in anemia, osteomalacia, hepatic disorder, and neurological disorder. In this review, we outline how this intracellular generator of reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggers a metabolic shift towards lipogenesis in astrocytes and hepatocytes. This Al-evoked phenomenon is coupled to diminished mitochondrial activity, anerobiosis, and the channeling of α-ketoacids towards anti-oxidant defense. The resulting metabolic reconfiguration leads to fat accumulation and a reduction in ATP synthesis, characteristics that are common to numerous medical disorders. Hence, the ability of Al toxicity to create an oxidative environment promotes dysfunctional metabolic processes in astrocytes and hepatocytes. These molecular events triggered by Al-induced ROS production are the potential mediators of brain and liver disorders.

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Sigma-Aldrich
Aluminum, foil, thickness 1.0 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis
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Aluminum, pellets, 3-12 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis
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Aluminum, foil, thickness 0.13 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis
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Aluminum, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis
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Aluminum, foil, thickness 0.45-0.55 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis
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Aluminum, IRMM®, certified reference material, 0.1 mm foil
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Aluminum, foam, 150x150mm, thickness 6.35mm, bulk density 0.2g/cm3, porosity 0.93, 16 pores/cm, aluminum 6101 grade, 98.5%
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Aluminum, foam, 150x150mm, thickness 6.35mm, bulk density 0.2g/cm3, porosity 0.93, 4 pores/cm, aluminum 6101 grade, 98.5%
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Aluminum, honeycomb, 300x300mm, thickness 5mm, cell size 3.2mm, cell wall 0.025mm, core density 0.072g/cm3, phenolic adhesive (resin), 99.5%
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Aluminum, honeycomb, 300x300mm, thickness 20mm, cell size 3.2mm, cell wall 0.025mm, core density 0.072g/cm3, phenolic adhesive (resin), 99.5%
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Aluminum, honeycomb, 600x600mm, thickness 10mm, cell size 3.2mm, cell wall 0.025mm, core density 0g/cm3, phenolic adhesive (resin), 99.5%
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Aluminum, honeycomb, 600x600mm, thickness 26.5mm, cell size 6.3mm, cell wall 0.064mm, core density 0.083g/cm3, phenolic adhesive (resin), facing skin glass fiber 0.5mm, 99.9%
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Aluminum, foam, 33x140mm, thickness 20mm, bulk density 0.2g/cm3, porosity 0.93, aluminum 6101 grade, 98.5%
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Aluminum, honeycomb, 600x600mm, thickness 20mm, cell size 4.8mm, cell wall 0.038mm, core density 0.070g/cm3, phenolic adhesive (resin), 99.5%
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Aluminum, foam, 150x150mm, thickness 3.2mm, bulk density 0.2g/cm3, porosity 0.93, 16 pores/cm, aluminum 6101 grade, 98.5%
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Aluminum, wire reel, 25m, diameter 0.025mm, as drawn, 99.0+%
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Aluminum, wire reel, 500m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.95+%
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Aluminum, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.015mm, hard, 99.99%
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Aluminum, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.25mm, hard, 99.99+%
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Aluminum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.125mm, as drawn, 99.99+%
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Aluminum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 1.5mm, as drawn, 99.999%
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Aluminum, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.25mm, hard, 99.99+%
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Aluminum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.125mm, as drawn, 99.5%
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Aluminum, tube, 1m coil, as drawn, outside diameter 0.30mm, inside diameter 0.2mm, wall thickness 0.05mm, 99.5%
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Aluminum, wire reel, 0.2m, diameter 3.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%
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Aluminum, rod, 500mm, diameter 12.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%
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Aluminum, wire reel, 1000m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.5%
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Aluminum, rod, 100mm, diameter 15.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%
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Aluminum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 3.0mm, inside diameter 1.62mm, wall thickness 0.69mm, hard, 99.5%
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Aluminum, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 0.6mm, inside diameter 0.3mm, wall thickness 0.15mm, as drawn, 99.5%
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