Bio-palladium: from metal recovery to catalytic applications.

Bio-palladium: from metal recovery to catalytic applications.

Microbial biotechnology (2011-05-11)

Simon De Corte, Tom Hennebel, Bart De Gusseme, Willy Verstraete, Nico Boon

ABSTRACT

While precious metals are available to a very limited extent, there is an increasing demand to use them as catalyst. This is also true for palladium (Pd) catalysts and their sustainable recycling and production are required. Since Pd catalysts exist nowadays mostly under the form of nanoparticles, these particles need to be produced in an environment-friendly way. Biological synthesis of Pd nanoparticles ('bio-Pd') is an innovative method for both metal recovery and nanocatalyst synthesis. This review will discuss the different bio-Pd precipitating microorganisms, the applications of the catalyst (both for environmental purposes and in organic chemistry) and the state of the art of the reactors based on the bio-Pd concept. In addition, some main challenges are discussed, which need to be overcome in order to create a sustainable nanocatalyst. Finally, some outlooks for bio-Pd in environmental technology are presented.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

373206

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, evaporation slug, diam. × L 0.6 cm × 0.6 cm, 99.95% trace metals basis

267082

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, sponge, 99.9% trace metals basis

267112

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

686468

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, nanopowder, <25 nm particle size (TEM), ≥99.5%

267120

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 0.025 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

GF81839447

Palladium, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.004mm, 99.95%

GF81392351

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.003mm, 99.95%

GF57528816

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.006mm, 99.95%

GF55924241

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF44874995

Palladium, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.047mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF94632576

Palladium, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.075mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF74894136

Palladium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF60234533

Palladium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF69074916

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.00075mm, permanent polyester support, 99.75%

GF55245821

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF70629880

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.003mm, 99.95%

GF90054659

Palladium, rod, 50mm, diameter 6.0mm, 99.95%

GF75251909

Palladium, microfoil, disks, 10mm, thinness 0.05μm, specific density 63.6μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.99%

GF51599425

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.004mm, 99.95%

GF79580638

Palladium, microfoil, disks, 50mm, thinness 0.25μm, specific density 303.4μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.99%

GF96040111

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.004mm, 99.95%

GF75516497

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 150x150mm, thickness 0.02mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF50988358

Palladium, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF88744843

Palladium, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.02mm, as drawn, 99.95%

GF42154051

Palladium, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF28406235

Palladium, microfoil, disks, 10mm, thinness 0.1μm, specific density 119.2μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.99%

GF73143491

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.0125mm, 99.95%

GF62759841

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.005mm, 99.95%

GF84888297

Palladium, microfoil, disks, 25mm, thinness 0.25μm, specific density 303.4μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.99%

GF31401627

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.001mm, permanent polyester support, 99.75%