Direkt zum Inhalt
Merck
HomeProductsChemistry & BiochemistryChemical SynthesisGrignard Reagents

Grignard Reagents

Common organic reactions using Grignard Reagents

Grignard reagents are highly reactive organomagnesium halides formed by the reaction of magnesium metal with alkyl or alkenyl halides. They are very strong bases and react with acidic hydrogens such as alcohols, water and carboxylic acids. Our comprehensive portfolio of Grignard reagents, used in the Grignard reaction to form new carbon-carbon bonds, will make your breakthroughs feel closer than ever.

What is a Grignard reagent?

A Grignard reagent is an organomagnesium halide having a formula of RMgX, where X is a halogen (-Cl, -Br, or -I), and R is an alkyl or aryl (based on a benzene ring) group. To initiate a Grignard Reaction, a Grignard reagent is added to a ketone or aldehyde, to form a tertiary or secondary alcohol. The reaction with formaldehyde leads to a primary alcohol. Grignard reagents can be used for determining the number of halogen atoms present in a halogen compound.

Grignard degradation is used for the chemical analysis of certain triacylglycerols as well as many cross-coupling reactions for the formation of several carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. Industrially, the Grignard reaction is the key step in the production of Tamoxifen, which is used in the treatment of breast cancer.

Making a Grignard reagent

Grignard reagents are produced from the heated combination of halogenoalkane and magnesium in the presence of diethyl ether (ethoxyethane). The reaction should be kept dry to avoid the resulting Grignard reagent from reacting with water.

Related Product Literature
Selective 1,2-Additions with LaCl3·2LiCl
While the 1,2-addition of Grignard reagents to ketones is undoubtedly a powerful transformation, oftentimes selectivity issues arising from competitive alpha-deprotonation detract from the use of these reagents.
Selective Metalations
Salt additives increase both the rate and the efficiency of the Mg-halogen exchange reaction. The most effective reagents are generated with R-MgCl (R = i-Pr, s-Butyl) and 1.0 equiv of LiCl.
Related Product Categories
Organic Building Blocks
Find the basic components needed to drive your research forward in our portfolio of organic building blocks which include Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, Allenes, Arenes, Arsenic Compounds, Baran Functionalized Building Blocks, Baran Hindered Amines, Building Blocks and Chiral Small Molecules from Liverpool ChiroChem, Building Blocks for SuFEx: The Next Click Reaction, Carbenium Salts, an Carbonyl Compounds.
Olefin Metathesis
Explore our exceptional portfolio of olefin metathesis catalysts and take advantage of Grubbs’ technical expertise to advance your research and breakthrough synthesis ideas.
Phosphine Ligands
Our diverse portfolio of phosphine ligands includes monodentate, bidentate, chiral ligands, Buchwald, cataCXium®, and Dalphos ligands for applications such as Negishi, Suzuki, Stille, Heck, Sonogashira, and Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling.
C-C Bond Forming Reagents
With our portfolio of carbon-carbon bond-forming reagents, your breakthroughs in fundamental carbon-carbon bond formation coupling reactions will feel closer than ever.
Related Applications
C–H Functionalization
C–H functionalization is the reliable and predictable conversion of a C–H into a C–C, C–N, C–O, or C–X bond in a selective and controlled fashion.
C–H Functionalization
C–H functionalization is the reliable and predictable conversion of a C–H into a C–C, C–N, C–O, or C–X bond in a selective and controlled fashion.
Cross-Coupling
Cross-coupling is a common reaction in organic chemistry for the creation of C-C, C-N, and C-O bonds with the aid of a metal catalyst.
Fluorination
Fluorination is the introduction of fluorine to a compound via electrophilic fluorination, nucleophilic fluorination, difluoromethylation, trifluoromethylation, or perfluoroalkylation.
Metathesis
Olefin metathesis involves an organic reaction that redistributes fragments of alkenes (olefins) by cleavage and transformation of carbon-carbon double bonds.
Organic Reaction Toolbox
An organic reaction toolbox provides structure-activity relationships for unique chemical reactions to optimally design and control small molecule synthesis.
Photocatalysis
Photoredox catalysis utilizes photocatalysts in the presence of visible light to form an array of synthetic transformations including, but not limited to, cross-coupling, C-H functionalization, alkene and arene functionalization, and trifluoromethylation.
RELATED SERVICES
Melden Sie sich an, um fortzufahren.

Um weiterzulesen, melden Sie sich bitte an oder erstellen ein Konto.

Sie haben kein Konto?