Biological performance of tantalum.

Biological performance of tantalum.

Clinical materials (1993-12-09)

J Black

ABSTRACT

A detailed literature search was carried out to define the current knowledge about the biological performance of tantalum. The pure metal appears, to a great degree, to be inert both in vivo and in vitro. Both the pure metal and its principle oxide possess low solubility and toxicity; however, halide compounds are more biologically active. Local host response is benign, characterized by vital encapsulation in soft tissue and frequent osteointegration, reminiscent of titanium, in hard tissue. Tantalum has been in clinical use since before 1940 and has found a wide range of diagnostic and implant applications, with apparently overall excellent results. In some applications, such as for radiographic bone markers and cranial closure, tantalum may well be the current material of choice. In summary, metallic tantalum is a promising biomaterial whose applications have been limited by technical rather than biological performance considerations.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

262862

Sigma-Aldrich

Tantalum, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

262897

Sigma-Aldrich

Tantalum, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

262919

Sigma-Aldrich

Tantalum, foil, thickness 0.025 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

262889

Sigma-Aldrich

Tantalum, foil, thickness 1.0 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

357251

Sigma-Aldrich

Tantalum, foil, thickness 0.5 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

GF90226425

Tantalum, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.009mm, 99.9%

GF14575596

Tantalum, foil, 10m coil, thickness 0.04mm, coil width 0.7mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF37205546

Tantalum, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.034mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF59916673

Tantalum, foil, 10m coil, thickness 0.04mm, coil width 1mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF60826417

Tantalum, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.02mm, 99.9%

GF11084138

Tantalum, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.01mm, 99.9%

GF09020191

Tantalum, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.9%

545007

Sigma-Aldrich

Tantalum, powder, 99.99% trace metals basis

GF80569233

Tantalum, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.005mm, 99.9%

GF80500441

Tantalum, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.009mm, 99.9%

GF48485470

Tantalum, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.0025mm, 99.9%

GF44780823

Tantalum, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.004mm, 99.9%

GF82587426

Tantalum, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 2.0mm, inside diameter 1mm, wall thickness 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF68352701

Tantalum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 0.80mm, inside diameter 0.50mm, wall thickness 0.15mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF00056506

Tantalum, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.25mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF55895158

Tantalum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.125mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF94422405

Tantalum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 0.51mm, inside diameter 0.21mm, wall thickness 0.15mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF36180176

Tantalum, wire reel, 1m, diameter 1.0mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF82893695

Tantalum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.25mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF07063141

Tantalum, wire reel, 20m, diameter 0.25mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF82228989

Tantalum, rod, 100mm, diameter 1.0mm, 99.9%

GF04462051

Tantalum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 3.1mm, inside diameter 2.6mm, wall thickness 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF18272437

Tantalum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 0.80mm, inside diameter 0.50mm, wall thickness 0.15mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF02800088

Tantalum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 0.51mm, inside diameter 0.21mm, wall thickness 0.15mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF39056182

Tantalum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.05mm, annealed, 99.9%