233153-M

Cleland′s Reagent

ULTROL^® Grade, ≥99% (titration), protective agent for SH groups

• Synonym(s): Cleland’s Reagent, ULTROL^® Grade, Dithiothreitol, DTT
• Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C₄H₁₀O₂S₂
• CAS Number: 3483-12-3
• Molecular Weight: 154.25
• MDL number: MFCD00004877
• UNSPSC Code: 12161504

Properties

• Quality Level: 100
• Assay: ≥99% (titration)
• form: solid
• reaction suitability: reagent type: reductant
• manufacturer/tradename: Calbiochem^®
• storage condition: OK to freeze
• color: white
• solubility: water: 200 mM; ethanol: soluble
• cation traces: heavy metals: <1 ppm
• storage temp.: 2-8°C
• InChI: 1S/C4H10O2S2/c5-3(1-7)4(6)2-8/h3-8H,1-2H2/t3-,4-/m0/s1
• InChI key: VHJLVAABSRFDPM-IMJSIDKUSA-N

Description

General description

A protective agent for SH groups.

Absorbance: (100 mM, 280 nm):≤0.1. Oxidized dithiothreitol:≤0.5%.

DTT is a water-soluble protective reagent for sulfhydryl groups. It maintains monothiols in the reduced state and reduces disulfides quantitatively. Most widely used for the study of disulfide exchange reactions of protein disulfides. DTT readily permeates cell membranes, protecting protein sulfhydryls and restoring enzyme activity lost by the oxidation of sulfhydryl groups in vitro. As a reducing agent, it cyclizes as it reduces disulfides to thiols, so the reaction is "driven" to completion without using large excesses of reductant. If free thiols are to be assayed later, excess reductant must be removed by dialysis or some other appropriate method. Alternatively, an immobilized form of DTT (REDUCTACRYL Reagent, Cat. No. 233157) can be used. Absorbance: (100 mM, 280 nm):≤0.05. Oxidized dithiothreitol:≤0.5%.

Application

• Mechanochemical disulfide reduction reveals imprints of noncovalent sulfuroxygen chalcogen bonds in protein-inspired mimics in aqueous solution.: This study highlights the use of Cleland′s reagent in exploring noncovalent interactions in protein mimics under mechanochemical conditions, shedding light on disulfide bond dynamics relevant to protein engineering and drug design (Dopieralski et al., 2020).


• A Simple In Vitro Gut Model for Studying the Interaction between Escherichia coli and the Intestinal Commensal Microbiota in Cecal Mucus.: Utilizes Cleland′s Reagent in microbiological assays to understand the complex interactions within the gut microbiome, providing insights important for developing therapeutic strategies against intestinal diseases (Mokszycki et al., 2018).


• Synthesis of the marine bromotyrosine psammaplin F and crystal structure of a psammaplin A analogue.: Discusses the role of Cleland′s reagent in the synthesis and structural analysis of marine natural products, which are potential leads for novel pharmaceuticals (Yang et al., 2010).


• Effects of dithiothreitol on protein activity unrelated to thiol-disulfide exchange: for consideration in the analysis of protein function with Cleland′s reagent.: This research investigates the broader biochemical impacts of Cleland′s Reagent (dithiothreitol) beyond its primary use, offering a cautionary perspective for its application in protein studies (Alliegro, 2000).


• A modified reagent for the confirmation of blood.: Describes a forensic application where Cleland′s Reagent is modified for enhanced sensitivity and specificity in blood detection, crucial for forensic science and criminal investigations (Hatch, 1993).

Warning

Toxicity: Harmful (C)

Reconstitution

Following reconstitution, aliquot and freeze (-20°C) under an inert gas. Avoid contact with metals. Stock solutions are stable for up to 3 months at -20°C.

Other Notes

Chau, M-H., and Nelson, J.W. 1991. FEBS Lett.291, 296.
Lauriault, V.V.M., and O′Brien, P.J. 1991. Mol. Pharmacol.40, 125.
Klonne, D.R., and Johnson, D.R. 1988. Toxicol. Lett.42, 199.
Zhang, R., and Snyder, G.H. 1988. Biochemistry27, 3785.
Shaked, Z., et al. 1980. Biochemistry19, 4156.
Zahler, W.L., and Cleland, W.W. 1968. J. Biol. Chem.243, 716.
Cleland, W.W. 1964. Biochemistry3, 480.

Legal Information

CALBIOCHEM is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

ULTROL is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

Safety Information

• Pictograms: GHS05,GHS07
• Signal Word: Danger
• Hazard Statements: H302 - H315 - H318
• Precautionary Statements: P264 - P280 - P301 + P312 - P302 + P352 - P305 + P351 + P338 - P332 + P313
• Hazard Classifications: Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Dam. 1 - Skin Irrit. 2
• Storage Class Code: 11 - Combustible Solids
• WGK: WGK 2
• Flash Point(F): Not applicable
• Flash Point(C): Not applicable